封闭式管控期间护生饮食行为及体育锻炼状况分析  

Analysis of Dietary Behavior and Physical Exercise Status of Nursing Students During Closed Control Period

作　　者：苗俊芳 许瑞[1] 王慧娟 王渭昭 吴慧娟 贾鸿安 巩应霞 Miao Junfang;Xu Rui;Wang Huijuan;Wang Weizhao;Wu Huijuan;Jia Hong'an;Gong Yingxia(School of Nursing of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzho 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学,兰州730000

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2023年第2期128-131,139,共5页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：2022年度甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目(2022CXZX-749);甘肃中医药大学研究生创新创业基金项目(2022)2022CX78。

摘　　要：目的了解学校封闭式管控期间护理本科生(简称护生)的饮食行为及体育锻炼状况,以期为学校和个人应对封闭式管控期间的健康管理提供科学依据。方法采用便利抽样和问卷调查的方式,对531名护生进行横断面调查;运用卡方检验比较不同特征护生的健康问题。结果封闭式管控期间,护生的两大健康问题为便秘、胃肠炎等消化系统问题(29.76%)和体重增加(26.37%)。体育锻炼方面,有274人参与体育锻炼(51.60%),锻炼频次1~<3次/周的人数最多(55.11%),平均锻炼时间0.5~<1 h/次的人数最多(42.70%)。有27.50%的学生认为学习任务重影响锻炼,25.05%认为疫情管控限制锻炼。饮食行为方面,各类营养素达到推荐水平者均不足60%,达标率最高的为禽肉类(59.89%),油炸食品(63.65%)、含糖饮料(50.85%)和夜宵(44.63%)摄入量均高于推荐水平。回归分析结果显示:目前健康状况、性别、既往患病情况和BMI指数是封闭管控期间影响护生健康的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论封闭式管控期间,护生的膳食结构不合理、不良饮食的行为较突出,体育锻炼的频次和时间待规范。学校相关部门应关注和提升护生的健康管理能力,以降低健康风险、促进其身心健康发展。Objective To understand the dietary behavior and physical exercise status of undergraduate nursing students during the closed management and control period in order to provide scientific basis for schools and individuals to cope with the health management during the closed management and control period.Methods A total of 531 nursing students were investigated by convenient sampling and questionnaire.Chi-square test was used to compare the health problems of nursing students with different characteristics.Results During the closed control period,the two major health problems of nursing students were constipation,gastroenteritis and other digestive system problems(29.76%)and weight gain(26.37%).In terms of physical exercise,amount of 274students participated in physical exercise(51.60%),with the largest number of people(55.11%)exercising at a frequency of 1~<3times/week,and the largest number of students(42.70%)exercising at an average time of 0.5~<1 hour/time.And 27.50%of the students thought that the learning task seriously affected exercise,25.05%thought that the epidemic control limited exercise.In terms of dietary behavior,less than 60%of all kinds of nutrients have reached the recommended level,and the highest rate of reaching the standard is poultry meat(59.89%),fried food(63.65%),sugary drinks(50.85%)and midnight snack(44.63%).Regression analysis results showed that current health status,gender,previous illness and BMI index were risk factors for health problems of nursing students during closed control period(P<0.05).Conclusion The mental health of rural senior pupils in Yulin is good,and learning anxiety is the primary mental health problem found in this survey.In the future,we can provide support for prevention and intervention of mental health problems by building a mental health service system.

关 键 词：封闭式管控 护生 饮食行为 体育锻炼 分析 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] G804.32[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]