从磷酸酯化学刍议各类磷酸酶和三磷酸核苷酶的生物化学转化与机制  

Discussion on Phosphate Group and Nucleoside Triphosphate Involved Enzymatic Conversions and Their Mechanisms Based on Phosphate Ester Chemistry

作　　者：王志鹏 蒋振雄[4,5,6] Maggie Chen 张璇 马新雨[2] 车子良 WANG Zhipeng A;JIANG Zhen-Xiong;Maggie Chen;ZHANG Xuan;MA Xin-Yu;CHE Zi-Liang(Division of Genetics,Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women's Hospital,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA 02115,USA;Department of Chemistry,Texas A&M University,College Station,TX77840,USA;Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Biology,Texas A&M University,College Station,TX 77840,USA;Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program,Duke Center for Genomics and Computational Biology,Duke University School of Medicine,Durham,NC 27705,USA;Department of Microbiology,Miami University,Oxford,OH 45056,USA;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,Harvard University,Cambridge,MA02138,US;School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Mathematics,Harvard University,MA 02138;Citadel Securities,LLC,131 SouthDearborn St.Chicago Illinois 60603,USA)

机构地区：[1]Division of Genetics,Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women's Hospital,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA 02115,USA [2]Department of Chemistry,Texas A&M University,College Station,TX77840,USA [3]清华大学化学系,北京100084 [4]Department of Biology,Texas A&M University,College Station,TX 77840,USA [5]Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program,Duke Center for Genomics and Computational Biology,Duke University School of Medicine,Durham,NC 27705,USA [6]Department of Microbiology,Miami University,Oxford,OH 45056,USA [7]Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology,Harvard University,Cambridge,MA02138,US [8]清华大学生命学院,北京100084 [9]Department of Mathematics,Harvard University,MA 02138 [10]Citadel Securities,LLC,131 SouthDearborn St.Chicago Illinois 60603,USA

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2023年第8期19-29,共11页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：磷作为一切生物体的必需元素,参与了包括生命体能量代谢、结构调控、遗传信息传递等在内的必要过程,其重要性不言而喻。然而,在国内基础学科教学过程中,基于酶促反应的调控机制和反应机理被拆分到众多生化专业相关的课程中,并未能得到系统性的剖析与讲解。本文从基础磷酸酯和磷酸酐的化学结构及反应特性入手,分别讨论了生物体中磷酸酯相关的调控酶类,并对最重要的一类磷酸酐——三磷酸腺苷在生物体内的转化关系做了系统性的讲解及分析。作为对磷元素相关的生命化学过程的梳理归纳,希望对化学及生命科学的教学与科研实验设计有所助益。As an essential chemical element in all life forms,phosphorus plays a nonnegligible role in a series of processes including energy metabolism,micro-and macromolecular structural modification,and the central dogma.While relevant mechanisms and regulations of enzymatic reactions are often mentioned in biochemistry curricula,a systemic analysis and discussion still remains elusive.By looking at the fundamental structures and reactions of organophosphate and phosphoric anhydride,here we elucidate the mechanisms of relevant regulatory enzymes in cells and aim to systematically clarify in vivo transformation of adenosine triphosphate,the most characteristic and important species of phosphoric anhydride.As a summary of biological processes of phosphorus,this manuscript not only serves as an exploration of new pedagogical models in chemistry and life sciences,but also expects to inspire students in their research design.

关 键 词：磷化学 磷酸酯 酶促反应 激酶 三磷酸腺苷 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学]