光复初期中国台湾省小学“国语”教育  

The Chinese Language Teaching of Elementary Schools in the Early Period of Taiwan Restoration

作　　者：褚静涛[1] CHU Jingtao(Institute of Modern History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《闽台关系研究》2023年第1期83-92,共10页Research on Fujian-Taiwan Relationship

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA129)。

摘　　要：在日本殖民统治时期,中国台湾民众在高压下被迫讲日语。左翼进步人士与台籍志士在抗日战争中,意识到普及“国语”、废除日语的紧迫性。1945年10月25日,中国台湾光复。中国台湾省行政长官公署教育处不顾各种困难与阻力,尽力召集“国语”教师,探索普及“国语”的教学方案,取得初步成效。为传播“台湾地区人是中国人”理念,加速中国台湾省与祖国内地教育方面趋于一致,教育处于1946年组织重新编写小学“国语”教材。新编“国语”教材不仅注重培育国家认同,还兼顾台湾地区乡土、祖国国情和世界概况等知识。诚然,光复初期中国台湾省小学“国语”教育还存在一些不足,如教材内容偏难、教科书较贵、高水平教师缺失等。但中国台湾省小学生接受基础教育,学习“国语”及发音是十分必要的,教育处的努力对中国台湾省光复初期“国语运动”产生了重要作用。China Taiwan residents were compelled to speak Japanese under the high pressure of the Japan colonialism during the Japanese colonial rule.Leftist progressives and China Taiwan patriots realized the urgency of popularizing the Chinese language and abolishing Japanese during the Anti Japanese War.Taiwan,China was restored on October 25,1945.Regardless of various difficulties and resistances,the Education Bureau of the Taiwan Region Chief Executive's Office made every effort to convene the Chinese language teachers and explore teaching plans to popularize Chinese,achieving initial results.In order to promote the concept of"Taiwan residents are Chinese"and accelerate the convergence of education between Taiwan Region and the mainland,the Education Bureau organized the rewriting of primary school Chinese textbooks in 1946.The new textbooks of Chinese not only focused on cultivating national identity,but also took into account the local conditions of Taiwan,China,the national conditions of the motherland,the world situation and other knowledge.Indeed,there were still some shortcomings in the Chinese education of elementary schools in Taiwan,China during the early days of the restoration,such as difficulty in textbook content,expensive textbooks,and a lack of high-level teachers.However,it is necessary for primary school students in Taiwan Region to receive basic education and learn Chinese and its pronunciation.The efforts of the Education Department played an important role in"the Chinese Movement"during the early stage of Taiwan's recovery.

关 键 词：光复初期 中国台湾省 教育处 小学“国语”教育 

分 类 号：G622.3[文化科学—教育学] K207[历史地理—历史学]