基于GIS技术的生态地质脆弱性评价——以武汉市汉江沿岸带为例  

Eco-geological Vulnerability Assessment Based on GIS:A Case Study ofthe Hanjiang Coastal Zone in Wuhan City

作　　者：李煜 罗红 胡元平 张响荣 朱晛亭 徐聪 Li Yu;Luo Hong;Hu Yuanping;Zhang Xiangrong;Zhu Xianting;Xu Cong(Hubei Geological Survey,Wuhan,Hubei 430034;Hubei Geological Research Laboratory,Wuhan,Hubei 430034)

机构地区：[1]湖北省地质调查院,湖北武汉430034 [2]湖北省地质实验测试中心,湖北武汉430034

出　　处：《资源环境与工程》2023年第2期234-243,共10页Resources Environment & Engineering

基　　金：湖北省生态地质调查方法示范及生态价值一体化评价(KJ2022-11)。

摘　　要：武汉市汉江沿岸带及南岸支流流域兼具主城区、郊区和流域特色,其生态地质现状及影响因素还不清楚。在研究区生态地质调查基础上,基于GIS技术和层次分析法,开展生态地质脆弱性评价。构建含有地质环境、地形地貌、土壤、水文、生态、社会经济等6个准则层指标,地层岩性、地质灾害易发性、地貌类型、坡度、土壤类型、土壤质量、水土流失率、地下水资源量、地表水质量、植被覆盖度、生态系统类型、人口密度、第二产业比重等13个指标层指标的生态地质脆弱性评价指标体系,划分生态地质不脆弱区、轻度脆弱区、中度脆弱区、高度脆弱区、极脆弱区,其面积占比分别为0.83%、19.51%、64.03%、12.59%、3.04%。生态系统类型、土壤质量、地表水质量、植被覆盖度是影响生态地质脆弱性的主要因素。研究成果可以为武汉市汉江沿岸带开发利用、生态保护与修复提供科学依据。The coastal zone and tributary basin on the south bank of Hanjiang River in Wuhan City have the characteristics of the main urban area,suburbs and river basins,and their eco-geological status and influencing factors are still unclear.Based on the eco-geological survey in the study area,the eco-geological vulnerability assessment is carried out based on GIS technology and analytic hierarchy process.The eco-geological vulnerability evaluation index system is constructed,which includes 6 criterion layer indexes of geological environment,topography,soil,hydrology,ecology and social economy,and 13 index layer indexes of stratigraphic lithology,geological hazard susceptibility,geomorphic type,slope,soil type,soil quality,soil loss rate,underground water resources,surface water quality,vegetation coverage,ecosystem type,population density and the proportion of secondary industry.The eco-geological non-fragile area,mild fragile area,moderate fragile area,highly fragile area and extremely fragile area are divided,accounting for 0.83%,19.51%,64.03%,12.59%and 3.04%respectively.Ecosystem type,soil quality,surface water quality and vegetation coverage are the main factors affecting eco-geological vulnerability.The research results can provide a basis for the development and utilization,ecological protection and restoration of the Hanjiang River coastal zone in Wuhan City.

关 键 词：生态地质 脆弱性评价 汉江沿岸带 武汉市 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]