网络情境下企业双元能力的动态适应与创新绩效  

Dynamic adaptation and innovation performance of enterprises′dual capabilities in the network environment

作　　者：刘景东[1] 许琦 伍慧敏 LIU Jingdong;XU Qi;WU Huimin(School of Business,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;Research Institute of Economics and Management,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学商学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]西南财经大学经济与管理研究院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2023年第3期16-25,共10页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(18BGL034);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2208085MG184)。

摘　　要：在5G等信息技术快速发展的今天,企业需要多种能力应付不断变化的外部世界。在开放式网络组织中成功的企业往往具有双元特征,既能有效管理当前需求还可以适应未来的发展变化,称之为双元能力。随着时间的推移,组织的双元能力是趋于加强还是走向失衡?哪些因素影响组织双元能力的动态变化?本文基于组织双元理论和技术创新管理理论,从平衡和适应两个方面对企业双元能力进行解耦,探析双元能力从平衡到适应的演变过程,并结合开放式创新背景下开发式联盟和探索式联盟的互动关系,以及网络惯例的相关研究,进一步考察了双元能力在不同状态下对企业创新绩效的影响机制,并基于234份有效问卷进行实证分析,研究发现:组织在发展过程中,当外部环境的变化不大时,下一个阶段内探索与开发分配的变化程度就会越小;当外部环境变化激烈时,组织探索与开发的分配就会根据外部的需求产生变化,进而产生与外界发展相适应的能力;不管是双元能力整体水平还是双元能力差异不平衡性都对企业的创新绩效产生正向影响,网络多元化对双元能力整体水平与创新绩效的影响不显著,而网络多元化正向调节双元能力差异不平衡性与创新绩效的关系;不管是双元能力的整体水平还是双元能力的差异不平衡性,网络惯例都在其中产生正向的调节作用。研究结论为企业强化双元能力,有效利用外部资源,推动技术创新,提升企业核心竞争力具有重要的理论和实践意义。With the rapid development of information technologies such as 5G,companies need multiple capabilities to cope with the ever-changing external world,and successful organizations often have ambidextrous characteristics.Ambidexterity capacity refers to the ability of a company to effectively manage current needs and adapt to future development and changes.Existing research believes that enterprises need to continuously invest in resource-limited situations whether they are carrying out exploitative activities or exploratory activities,which causes conflicts between the two.Therefore,how to find a balance between exploratory activities aimed at long-term benefits and exploitative activities focused on short-term benefits has always been an urgent problem to be solved in theory and practice.As time goes on,does the organizational ambidexterity capacity tend to strengthen or become unbalanced?What factors affect the dynamic changes of the organizational ambidexterity capacity?Based on the organizational ambidexterity theory and technology innovation management theory,this paper decouples the ambidexterity capacity of enterprises from two aspects of balance and adaptation,and explores the evolution process of ambidexterity capacity from balance to adaptation.Then we combined the interactive relationship between exploitative alliances and exploratory alliances in the context of open innovation,as well as related research on network routines,to further examine the impact mechanism of ambidexterity capacity on enterprise innovation performance under different conditions.This thesis conducts an empirical analysis based on 234 valid questionnaires,and the research finds:First,in the development process of the organization,both exploitation and exploration capabilities are taken into consideration as a whole.That is,the organization′s ambidexterity capacity has the effect of self-reinforcing and adaptation.The organization can not only exploit existing resources,but also explore new market opportunities.The organization ca

关 键 词：双元能力 平衡和适应 网络多元化 网络惯例 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]