大球盖菇菌渣原位还田对土壤理化性质及真菌多样性的影响  

Effects of in-situ returning of Stropharia rugosoannulata residue on soil physicochemical properties and fungal diversity

作　　者：洪琦 张津京[2] 郝海波 赵静 陈辉 赵勇[1] HONG Qi;ZHANG Jinjing;HAO Haibo;ZHAO Jing;CHEN Hui;ZHAO Yong(College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Edible Fungi(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Bright Esunyes Bio-tech Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201408,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,国家食用菌加工技术研发分中心,上海市农业遗传育种重点开放实验室,上海201403 [3]上海光明森源生物科技有限公司,上海201408

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第2期1-7,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971571);上海市科技兴农项目(2019-02-08-00-12-F01132)。

摘　　要：为了有效利用大球盖菇菌渣,研究了大球盖菇菌渣原位还田对土壤养分(有机质和氮、磷、钾)含量、土壤酶(磷酸酶和脱氢酶)活性及土壤真菌多样性的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,大球盖菇菌渣还田能够显著降低土壤p H,中和土壤酸碱度,并显著提高大田土壤有机质含量以及全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、碱性速效磷和速效钾含量。大球盖菇菌渣处理组的土壤磷酸酶和土壤脱氢酶活性均显著高于对照(CK),分别增加30%以上和40%以上。大球盖菇菌渣处理组的土壤真菌多样性低于对照,处理组土壤中优势菌群为Hypocreales(肉座菌目)、Russulaceae(红菇科)、Pezizales(盘菌目)、Saccharomycetales(酵母目)、Bursaria(袋形虫属),对照土壤中优势菌群为Pseudoplatyophyra(拟匙口虫属)、Aleuria(网孢盘菌属)、Onygenales(爪甲团囊菌目)、Trichosporon(丝孢酵母属)、Sordariomycetes(粪壳菌纲)、Sordariales(粪壳菌目)、Basidiomycota(担子菌门)。In order to effectively utilize Stropharia rugosoannulata residue,the effects of in-situ returning of S.rugosoannulata residue on soil nutrient(organic matter and nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium)content,soil enzyme(phosphatase and dehydrogenase)activities,and soil fungal diversity were studied.The results showed that compared with CK,returning of S.rugosoannulata residue significantly reduced soil pH,neutralized soil acidity and alkalinity,and significantly increased the organic matter content of the field soil,as well as the content of total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium.The soil phosphatase and soil dehydrogenase activities of the treatment group with S.rugosoannulata residue were significantly higher than those of CK,with increases of over 30%and over 40%,respectively.The soil fungal diversity of S.rugosoannulata residue treatment group was lower than that of CK soil.The dominant bacterial groups in the soil of treatment group were Hypocreales,Russulaceae,Pezizales,Saccharomycetales and Bursaria;and the dominant bacterial groups in CK soil were Pseudoplatyophyra,Aleuria,Onygenales,Trichosporon,Sordariomycetes,Sordariales and Basidiomycota.

关 键 词：大球盖菇 菌渣还田 有机质 酶活性 真菌多样性 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]