基于量子行走的电子支付协议  

E-Payment Protocols Based on Quantum Walk

作　　者：何业锋[1] 杨梦玫 李智 刘妍 田哲铭 He Yefeng;Yang Mengmei;Li Zhi;Liu Yan;Tian Zheming(School of Cyberspace Security,Xi'an University of Posts&Telecommunications,Xi'an 710121,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学网络空间安全学院,陕西西安710121

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第5期226-234,共9页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61802302);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JM-462)。

摘　　要：目前,量子行走已广泛应用于量子计算和量子模拟中,并可应用于量子隐形传态中。提出了一种基于量子行走的电子支付协议。在协议中,买家基于可信第三方平台,将部分购物信息通过量子行走传送给银行和商家,完成一次网络购物。此协议将量子行走与电子支付相结合,使参与方仅需制备单光子便可以得到所需的纠缠资源,便于量子态的制备和实现。同时,协议不仅满足购物清单对银行保密,还实现了购买者的部分私人信息对商家保密,提高了隐私保护能力。最后的安全性分析表明,该协议可以抵御内部和外部攻击,对于当前技术是安全可行的。Objective In recent years,with the rapid development of e-commerce and computer,online shopping is more and more popular.In the meantime,the development of quantum algorithms makes the traditional e-payment protocols based on difficult mathematical problems more and more insecure,so the e-payment protocols based on quantum algorithms come into being.At present,most of the proposed quantum e-payment protocols use entangled states for quantum electronic signature protocols.However,the preparation and measurement of entangled states are very difficult,so in the case of ensuring the security of the protocols,using quantum states featuring more convenient preparation and measurement,instead of entangled states,has become a research direction of e-payment.Quantum walk is a technology that can produce the necessary entanglement resources spontaneously only by using the single-particle states without preparing entanglement resources in advance.This technology has been widely used in quantum computing and quantum simulation and is of certain practical value.At the same time,as people pay more attention to personal privacy,only users'shopping lists being confidential to banks have been unable to meet people's privacy needs.Therefore,in order to solve the above problems,we modify a classic e-payment agreement model and make the hidden users'identity information not affect the normal delivery and merchants.Furthermore,we combine the quantum walk with quantum e-payment and propose a quantum e-payment protocol to ensure that entanglement resources can be obtained without preparing entangled states in advance and guarantee that the buyers'bank accounts and real identity information can be kept confidential to merchants.Methods Quantum walk is an extension of random walk in the quantum field.It takes the quantum as the carrier to simulate the chaotic nonlinear dynamic walk behavior.According to the characteristics of the quantum walk,the encrypted quantum communication channels are established accordingly.The quantum walk mainly

关 键 词：量子光学 量子密码 量子行走 电子支付 隐形传态 单粒子 

分 类 号：TN918[电子电信—通信与信息系统]