外部拘束分布对薄板对接接头焊接失稳变形的影响  

Influence of external restraint distribution on welding buckling of thin plate butt joint

作　　者：周晓丽 易斌[1] 王江超[1] 周方明[2] ZHOU Xiaoli;YI Bin;WANG Jiangchao;ZHOU Fangming(School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212003,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2023年第2期168-175,共8页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52071151)。

摘　　要：[目的]由于薄板在焊接时极易产生失稳变形,从而影响建造周期、成本及材料使用性能,因此需通过施加外部拘束实现对薄板对接接头焊接失稳变形的控制。[方法]首先,进行外部拘束下的薄板对接焊试验,使用光学面扫描方法测量其焊后面外变形;同时,建立自由状态和外部拘束状态下的有限元模型,使用热弹塑性有限元(TEP FE)方法分析两种状态下薄板对接焊的热力学现象;最后,研究不同外部拘束分布对接头焊接失稳变形的影响,并从纵向塑性应变和纵向收缩力的角度分析其控制焊接失稳变形的原因。[结果]试验对应模型的面外变形结果与测量结果吻合良好,且小于自由状态下的面外变形结果;施加外部拘束使焊缝及其附近金属的纵向塑性应变减小,薄板所受的纵向收缩力减小。[结论]研究结果验证了外部拘束能有效地控制焊接失稳变形,且外部拘束的分布不同对焊接失稳变形的控制效果不同。[Objectives]It is easy to produce buckling distortion when welding thin plate butt joints,which affects the construction period,cost and performance,but this can be controlled by applying external restraints.[Methods]First,a butt welding test of a thin plate under external restraints is carried out,and the out-ofplane deformation is measured by the optical surface scanning method.At the same time,finite element(FE)models in a free state and external restraint state are established,and the thermal mechanical phenomena of the two models are subjected to thermal-elastic-plastic FE analysis(TEP FE).The influence of different external restraint distributions on the welding buckling distortion of the joints is then studied,and reasons for controlling welding buckling distortion are analyzed from the perspective of longitudinal plastic strain and longitudinal contraction force.[Results]The out-of-plane deformation of the corresponding model is in good agreement with the measured results,and milder than the out-of-plane deformation of the model in a free state.When external restraints are applied,the longitudinal plastic strain of the weld and its adjacent metal decreases,and the longitudinal contraction force of the thin plate also decreases.[Conclusions]The results verify that external restraints can effectively control welding buckling distortion,and the control effects are different depending on the external restraint distribution.

关 键 词：薄板焊接 焊接失稳 外部拘束 有限元分析 

分 类 号：U671.83[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]