2001—2018年典型南北过渡带地区农业生态效率测度及时空特征分析  

Measurement and spatial-temporal characteristics of agricultural eco-efficiency in a typical North-South Transition Zone from 2001 to 2018

作　　者：周玲芳 张之秋 周友兵 ZHOU Lingfang;ZHANG Zhiqiu;ZHOU Youbing(College of Economics and Management,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;College of Economics,Fuyang Normal University,Fuyang 236037,China;College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;College of Biological and Food Engineering,Fuyang Normal University,Fuyang 236037,China;College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学经济与管理学院,宜昌443002 [2]阜阳师范大学经济学院,阜阳236037 [3]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092 [4]阜阳师范大学生物与食品工程学院,阜阳236037 [5]三峡大学生物与制药学院,宜昌443002

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第3期153-162,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划重点项目(AHSKZ2018D15);安徽省高校人文社会科学研究重点项目(SK2020A0336);阜阳师范大学校级人文社会科学研究重点项目(2020FSSK07ZD,2021FSSK06ZD);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110371077)。

摘　　要：农业生态效率是评价农业可持续发展与生态经济性的重要指标,对衡量农村环境改善及农业生态系统稳定具有重要意义。以安徽省为例,运用单元调查和清单分析法测算农村面源污染,使用投入导向型的超效率DEA—SBM模型测算南北过渡带农业生态效率,对其空间相关性与差异性进行评估。结果表明:农村面源污染相对稳定,COD、TN、TP污染物的变化幅度较小,在5%以内,禽畜养殖和化肥使用带来的环境压力大,地区农村面源污染差异具有明显南北特征;农业生态效率呈“倒N”型趋势,受“空间邻近效应”和“马太效应”作用,农业生态效率具有空间集聚特征,存在空间上的正相关关系,地域内部差异显著,异质性增强,南部地区差异性最大,北部地区其次,中部地区最小,但地域间差异波动性较小。环境资源要素合理配置有利于农业经济与环境保护协调发展,为农业生态可持续发展和农业生态系统长效稳定创造更好条件。Agricultural eco-efficiency is an important index to evaluate the agricultural sustainable development and ecological economics,while simultaneously providing a metric for improvements to the rural environment and the stability of agricultural ecosystems.This study took Anhui province as a case,and applied unit survey and list analysis methodologies to quantify rural agricultural non-point source pollution(NPS).Input-oriented super-efficient DEA-SBM was used to measure agricultural eco-efficiency in the typical North-South Transition Zone,and evaluated spatial correlations and differences.This study showed that NPS was relatively stable,with less than 5%local variation in Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD),Total Nitrogen(TN),and Total Phosphorus(TP)pollutants.The environmental pressure caused by livestock breeding and the use of chemical fertilizers was very substantial,and the differences of rural agricultural NPS in Anhui Province had obvious north-south characteristics.The agricultural eco-efficiency exhibited an"inverted N"trend.Affected by the"Spatial proximity effect"and the"Matthew effect",it presented spatial agglomeration and positive spatial correlation.The regional differences were significant,and the heterogeneity increased in our study areas.The southern region had the greatest variation,followed by the northern region,with the smallest variation in the central region,although inter-regional differences were consistent.Though the rational allocation of resources,coordination between agricultural economic and environmental protection would be realized,and better conditions for the sustainable development of agricultural ecology and the long-term stability of agricultural ecosystem would be created.

关 键 词：农村面源污染 农业生态效率 时空演化特征 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]