中国森林遥感Rao′s Q指数时空演变  

Temporal and spatial evolution of Rao's Q index of forest in China

作　　者：蒋啸 蔡红艳[1] 杨小唤[1,2] 李果 JIANG Xiao;CAI Hongyan;YANG Xiaohuan;LI Guo(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Ecology,Chinese Academy of Environmental Science,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国环境科学研究院生态所,北京100012

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第8期3045-3056,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0503803);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA20010203);国家自然科学基金项目(41771460)。

摘　　要：明确宏观森林植物多样性时空分布格局,对于评估森林生态工程效果以及有效开展区域生物多样性保护工作具有重要意义。遥感生物多样性研究能够弥补原位观测在时空连续性方面的不足,研究旨在为区域尺度生物多样性研究引入一种新方法——遥感Rao′s Q指数。结果表明:基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)计算的Rao′s Q指数与收集的物种丰富度在空间分布上基本一致,且两者的数值拟合通过极显著检验(R^(2)=0.66,P<0.001),Rao′s Q指数随物种丰富度增加而增加,适用于表征宏观尺度跨气候带地区的森林植物多样性。2000—2017年间,中国森林的Rao′s Q指数时空分布基本一致,整体呈南高北低的态势;不同时段中均以降低为主,降低面积占总面积的44.23%—54.08%,武夷山-南岭一带增高特征凸显,而2010—2017年也表现出降低特征,该区域森林植物多样性本底丰富,应加强管控力度,阻止降低热点区扩散。引入遥感Rao′s Q指数有效表征区域森林植物多样性分布特征,可为区域生态质量评估提供一种新的监测指标,进而为森林植物多样性保护及区域生态质量改善相关政策制定提供支撑。Clarifying the temporal and spatial distribution of macro forest plant diversity is of great significance for evaluating the effect of forest ecological engineering and carrying out regional forest plant diversity protection effectively.The biodiversity data obtained by remote sensing can make up for the discontinuity of location observation in time and space.This paper aims to introduce a new method for biodiversity research at regional scale--remote sensing Rao's Q index.The results show that:Rao's Q index calculated based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)is basically consistent with the collected species richness in spatial distribution,and the numerical fitting passed the high significant test(R^(2)=0.66,P<0.01).Rao's Q index increases with the increase of species richness and has outstanding advantages in spatial expression.It is suitable for forest plant diversity monitoring across climate zones at macro scale.From 2000 to 2017,the temporal and spatial pattern of Rao's Q index of Chinese forest was basically the same,showing a trend of high in the south and low in the north.Rao's Q index is mainly reduced in different periods,and the reduced area accounts for 44.23%-54.08%of the total forest area.The increasing characteristics of Wuyishan-Nanling area was prominent,and the period from 2010 to 2017 also showed the characteristics of decreasing hot spots.This region is rich in forest plant diversity,so we should strengthen control and prevent the spread of reduced hot spots.The remote sensing Rao's Q index proposed in this paper can effectively present the distribution characteristics of regional forest plant diversity,provide a new monitoring index for regional ecological quality assessment,and then support for policy-making related to forest plant diversity protection and regional ecological quality improvement.

关 键 词：森林植物多样性 遥感Rao′s Q指数 演变 遥感 

分 类 号：S771.8[农业科学—森林工程]