国际中文教育之科技汉语研究四十年  

Study of Scientific Chinese on Teaching Chinese as a Second Language in the Past Four Decades

作　　者：胡云晚 HU Yun-wan(School of Humanities,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院人文学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期60-71,共12页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“语言接触视域中湘、赣方言的介词类型研究”(20BYY043);教育部语合中心国际中文教育研究重点课题“对外汉语常用句式的‘记忆-构式’教学创新研究”(22YH41B);浙江省新苗人才计划项目“科技汉语词汇学习小程序开发实践”(2022R415C030)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：论文以中国知网数据库的文献为线索,追踪到我国专门用途科技汉语研究始于1981年,至2021年的四十年间经历了三个阶段,其研究逐步往纵深发展:兴起期,以词汇、句式为主的本体研究充分,使科技汉语教学有了语言学依据,但未跳出母语者思维特征;低迷期的研究数量少、承传多,教育质量欠佳,网络科技助力教学有一定创新;拓展期,研究多元发展,词汇分级有所尝试,母语者思维有所突破,教育质量得到强化,教材与教师队伍问题逐渐浮现。通过推拉理论发现国家宏观政策直接影响地方招生与个人专业选择。未来研究中,建议区分科技汉语词汇的专业门类、等级性及层次性,创新数智化教学教法,打造“新媒体教研集群团队”,围绕科技发展需求,致力“中文+专业”人才输出提质增效。Based on the 80 papers in the CNKI database,the study traces the research on Chinese for Specific Purpose,which began in 1981 and went through three stages up to 2021,with the research gradually developing in-depth:the emergence period,with sufficient ontological research focusing on vocabulary and syntax,which provided a linguistic basis for teaching technical Chinese,but did not go beyond the characteristics of native speakers’thinking;the downturn period,with a small number of studies and many legacies,and poor teaching quality,with some innovations in teaching materials and teaching teams;the expansion period,with diversified research development,some attempts at vocabulary grading,some breakthroughs in teaching quality,and some innovations in teaching materials and teaching teams.Using Push-Pull Theory,the study finds that national macro-policies directly influence local enrolment and individual career choices.In future research,it is recommended to distinguish the hierarchy,level,and professional categories of scientific Chinese vocabulary,to innovate digital teaching and learning methods,to build a“new media teaching and research cluster team”,to focus on the needs of scientific and technological development,and to strive to improve the quality and efficiency of“Chinese&professional”talent output.

关 键 词：国际中文教育 科技汉语 理工类留学生 专门用途汉语 “中文+专业”人才 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]