基于断路器合闸弹簧弹力信号的储能故障诊断方法  

Energy Storage Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Closing Spring Force Signal of Circuit Breaker

作　　者：吴鹤翔 李兵 李良 张笑瑞 WU Hexiang;LI Bing;LI Liang;ZHANG Xiaorui(China Railway Signal&Communication(Changsha)Railway Traffic Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410006,China;Southwest Jiaotong University,School of Electrical Engineering,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]通号(长沙)轨道交通控制技术有限公司,湖南长沙410006 [2]西南交通大学电气工程学院,四川成都611756

出　　处：《电工技术》2023年第6期152-157,共6页Electric Engineering

摘　　要：对断路器储能故障进行准确诊断能避免出现拒动、合闸失败等问题,有助于电力系统的安全运行,因此提出了一种基于断路器操动机构合闸弹簧弹力信号的储能故障诊断方法。针对断路器合闸弹簧松弛、操动机构卡涩、紧固螺丝松动三种储能故障,选取弹力信号进行统计特征以及类间散布矩阵的计算,提取出了能够判断不同储能故障的时域特征量。建立了基于支持向量机的故障诊断模型,实现了对断路器三种储能故障的准确判断。试验结果表明,提出的故障诊断方法能够准确诊断断路器的合闸弹簧松弛、操动机构卡涩、紧固螺丝松动三种储能故障类型,有助于工程上实现对断路器的精测精修,同时也能够为断路器增设压力传感器并充分利用弹力信号提供理论依据。Accurate diagnosis of the energy storage fault of the circuit breaker can avoid the problems such as non-operation and closing failure,which is conducive to the safe operation of the power system.Therefore,an energy storage fault diagnosis method based on the closing spring force signal of the circuit breaker operating mechanism is proposed.Aiming at the three energy storage faults of circuit breaker closing spring relaxation,operating mechanism jamming,and loose fastening screw,the elastic signal is selected for statistical features and the calculation of the interclass dispersion matrix,and the time-domain feature quantities that can judge different energy storage faults are extracted.The fault diagnosis model based on support vector machine is established,and the accurate judgment of three kinds of energy storage faults of circuit breaker is realized.The test results show that the proposed fault diagnosis method can accurately diagnose the three types of energy storage faults of circuit breaker:loose closing spring,jamming of the operating mechanism and loose tightening screw,which is helpful to achieve precise measurement and fine repair of circuit breaker in engineering,and can also provide a theoretical basis for adding pressure sensors to circuit breakers and making full use of elastic signals.

关 键 词：断路器 弹力信号 故障诊断 支持向量机 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]