论梵语文学中的优填王形象在汉译佛典中的早期重构  

On the Early Reconstruction of the Sanskrit Literary Figure King Udayana in Chinese Buddhist Literature

作　　者：张远[1,2] ZHANG Yuan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院外国文学研究所 [2]中国社会科学院梵文研究中心

出　　处：《国外文学》2023年第1期153-160,共8页Foreign Literatures

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“梵语戏剧家跋娑作品研究”(项目编号:18CWW008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：优填王是印度古代与佛陀同时代的著名君王,在梵语文学中一再出现,在佛教典籍中屡见不鲜。优填王传说不仅是印度古代文学的重要母题,在印度佛教史、社会史、文学史乃至中印文化交流史等研究领域亦具有无可替代的学术价值。对于如此妙趣横生的人物,国内却少有关注,尤其未见兼顾梵语文学与汉译佛典之研究成果。古典梵语文学中的优填王经历曲折离奇、跌宕起伏,是一位智勇双全、风流倜傥的“情王”。汉译佛典中的优填王则具有诸多面相,行走于丑化与美化之间。优填王形象的重构,既包含基本一致、有迹可循的内容,又包含踪迹全无、天差地别的部分。本文着重探讨其中之有迹可循者,从“多情种子”到“回头浪子”再到“身份演绎”这三个层次择要考察梵语文学中的优填王形象在汉译佛典中的早期重构。King Udayana was a famous emperor of ancient India,living around the same period of the Buddha,who appeared in Sanskrit literature and in Buddhist literature.The legend of King Udayana not only is an important motif in ancient Indian literature,but also has significant academic value in the history of Indian Buddhism,social history,the history of literature,as well as the history of cultural communication between India and China.However,this extremely interesting personage is rarely studied academically in China,especially in both classical Sanskrit literature and Chinese Buddhist literature.In classical Sanskrit literature,King Udayana experienced ups and downs in life and was a brave,resourceful and romantic lover,while in Buddhist literature,King Udayana had multiple faces and moved between uglification and beautification.From classical Sanskrit literature to Buddhist literature,the reconstruction of King Udayana contains both coherence and incoherence in his life story.This article focuses on the former,from“Magnificent Lover”to“Once a Sinner”and to“Deduction of Identity”,to discuss the early reconstruction of King Udayana in Buddhist literature.

关 键 词：优填王 梵语文学 汉译佛典 形象重构 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]