乳酸菌维持动物肠道健康的研究进展  

Role of lactic acid bacteria in maintainin animal intestinal health

作　　者：韩雪冰 元香南[2] 方俊[1] 蒋红梅[1] 刘刚 HAN XueBing;YUAN XiangNan;FANG Jun;JIANG HongMei;LIU Gang(College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China;Rehabilitation Department,Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410125 [2]中国医科大学附属盛京医院康复部,沈阳110004

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2023年第4期464-479,共16页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31772642,81902297);湖南省自然科学基金(批准号:2019JJ50220)资助。

摘　　要：肠道微生物群被广泛认为是维持体内平衡最重要的组成部分之一,与人类及其他哺乳动物的健康和疾病密切相关,许多疾病的发生都伴随着肠道微生物的紊乱.一些益生菌常常被用来改善微生物群、调控机体免疫、缓解机体疾病并维持机体健康,其中乳酸菌是使用最广泛的益生菌.乳酸菌是革兰氏阳性细菌,虽然它只是人类肠道微生物群中的一个小成员,但它调节宿主免疫系统、增强肠道代谢能力和维持肠道微生物群平衡的潜力已得到广泛的证实.基于此,本文综述了乳酸菌在维持肠道健康中的作用,讨论了其通过免疫调节、病原体抑制、屏障功能增强、神经系统信号调节和促进健康物质产生等机制对宿主健康的促进作用,并探讨了其在炎症性肠病、肠癌、腹泻、肠易激综合征等肠道疾病以及肥胖、Ⅱ型糖尿病、多发性硬化症、抑郁症等其他疾病的预防及治疗中的作用.The gut microbiota is one of the most important components in maintaining the homeostasis of the host and is closely associated with health and disease in humans and other mammals,as many diseases are accompanied by intestinal microbiota disorders.Probiotics are often used to modulate the microbiota and immunity,alleviate disease,and maintain body health,and lactic acid bacteria(LAB)are the most widely used probiotic.LAB are Gram-positive bacteria,which only account for a small part of the human intestinal microbiota,but their potential to regulate the host immune system,enhance intestinal metabolism,and maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota has been widely confirmed.Therefore,we summarized the role of LAB in maintaining intestinal health and discussed their contribution to host health through immunoregulation,inhibition of pathogens,enhanced barrier function,regulation of nervous system signaling,and the production of healthy substances.We also explored the role of LAB in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases,such as inflammatory bowel disease,cancer,diarrhea,and irritable bowel syndrome,as well as obesity,type 2 diabetes,multiple sclerosis,depression,and other diseases.

关 键 词：乳酸菌 益生菌 肠道微生物 肠道健康 免疫调节 炎症性肠病 癌症 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]