西藏大学生自测健康状况调查与常模构建  

Investigation of self-measured health status of college students in Tibetan universities and construction of a standard model

作　　者：李利强 霍小亮 张李强 吴进 张君孝 Li Liqiang;Huo Xiaoliang;Zhang Liqiang;Wu Jin;Zhang Junxiao(School of Physical Education,Xizang Minzu University,Xizang Plateau Sports and Health Research Center,Xianyang 712082,China;College of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Sports and Health Management,Chongqing University of Education,Chongqing 400067,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学体育学院西藏高原体育与健康研究中心,咸阳712082 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [3]重庆第二师范学院体育与健康管理学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《中华健康管理学杂志》2023年第4期279-285,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Management

基　　金：陕西省教育科学规划课题“‘家校社’多元联动下的儿童体质健康促进模式研究”(SGH22Y1357);西藏民族大学中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会专题项目(22MDZGGCD09);重庆市教委科学技术研究青年项目(KJQN202001607)。

摘　　要：目的调查西藏大学生自测健康状况并构建自测健康量表(SRHMS V1.0)常模。方法本研究为横断面研究,采用多阶段分层抽样方法,于2022年4—6月在西藏自治区全部高等院校(简称高校)(全区共7所)共抽取7990名在校大学生,结合人口学信息和SRHMS V1.0编制《西藏大学生自测健康调查问卷》对西藏大学生自测健康进行调查和水平评定。采用描述性统计、t检验、方差分析(方差不齐时用Brown-Forsythe法检验,多重比较采用LSD检验)、Spearman相关分析构建生理量表(PSH)得分、心理量表(MSH)得分和社会支持量表(SSH)得分、总体健康量表(TSH)得分几大自测量表的均数常模、百分位常模和划界常模。结果西藏大学生自测健康评定总得分为(72.18±12.35)分。不同性别方面,男生PSH、MSH、SSH和TSH得分分别为(73.85±13.78)、(65.80±14.73)、(69.85±16.00)、(73.44±12.77)分,女生分别为(71.18±13.36)、(62.81±14.03)、(68.57±14.90)、(70.92±11.94)分,不同性别间以上各子量表和总量表的得分差异均有统计学意义(t=2.531、2.672、1.867、2.623,均P<0.05)。不同年级方面,大一PSH、MSH、SSH和TSH得分分别为(73.36±13.23)、(65.77±14.58)、(70.98±15.60)、(73.51±11.91)分;大二分别为(70.74±13.73)、(62.40±13.60)、(66.92±14.62)、(70.16±12.28)分,大三分别为(75.48±13.09)、(64.08±15.12)、(71.90±15.12)、(74.10±12.36)分;大四分别为(67.21±14.41)、(59.19±17.67)、(64.91±18.59)、(66.94±14.59)分,不同年级各子量表和总量表的得分差异均有统计学意义(F=3.952、3.611、4.841、5.583,均P<0.05)。以性别和年级为界值,构建了西藏大学生自测健康的总分及各个子量表的均数常模、百分位常模和划界常模。结论西藏大学生自测健康评定量表常模能够为西藏和我国高原地区大学生健康状况评测提供评价标准。Objective To investigate the self-measured health status of college students in Tibet,and to construct the self-measured health scale(SRHMS V1.0)norm of College students in Tibet.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.A multistage stratified sampling method was used.From April to June 2022,a total of 7990 college students were selected from all colleges and universities in the Tibet Autonomous Region(7 in total).The self-rated health of Tibetan college students was investigated and evaluated by combining demographic information and SRHMS V1.0.Descriptive statistics,t-test,analysis of variance(Brown-Forsythe test for unequal variance,LSD test for multiple comparisons),and Spearman correlation analysis were used to construct mean norm,percentile norm,and delimitation norm of physiological scale health(PSH),mental scale health(MSH),social scale health(SSH)score and total scale health(TSH)scores.Results The total score of self-assessed health assessment among college students in Tibetan universities was(72.18±12.35).For different genders,the PSH,MSH,SSH and TSH scores were(73.85±13.78),(65.80±14.73),(69.85±16.00)and(73.44±12.77)for boys and(71.18±13.36),(62.81±14.03),(68.57±14.90)and(70.92±11.94)for girls,respectively.Scores on each subscale and total scale were statistically significant different between the different sexes(t=2.531,2.672,1.867,2.623,all P<0.05).For different grades,the PSH,MSH,SSH and TSH scores of the freshman were(73.36±13.23),(65.77±14.58),(70.98±15.60)and(73.51±11.91);the sophomore were(70.74±13.73),(62.40±13.60),(66.92±14.62)and(70.16±12.28),the junior were(75.48±13.09),(64.08±15.12),(71.90±15.12)and(74.10±12.36);and the senior were(67.21±14.41),(59.19±17.67),(64.91±18.59)and(66.94±14.59)respectively,with the differences in scores of each subscale and the total scale in different grades being statistically significant(F=3.952,3.611,4.841,5.583,all P<0.05).The mean norm,percentile norm and demarcation norm of the total score and each subscale of self-measured health of

关 键 词：西藏自治区 大学生 健康调查 常模 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]