从《二南遗音》看清初关中诗歌用韵及关中方音  

Poetry Rhyme and Phonetic Characters of Guanzhong in the Early Qing Dynasty in Terms of Ernan Yiyin(《二南遗音》)

作　　者：孙梦城 Sun Mengcheng(College of Humanities and Communication,Shandong Technology and Business University,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东工商学院人文与传播学院,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《现代语文》2023年第4期35-43,共9页Modern Chinese

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“汉语方言音系汇纂及方音对照处理系统研究”(14ZDB096)。

摘　　要：清代学者刘绍攽所辑录的《二南遗音》,是以关中籍诗人作品为主的地域性诗歌总集。在《二南遗音》中,关中文人所创作的近体诗与古体诗呈现出不同的用韵特征,近体诗用韵基本是传统诗韵与清初官话的混合产物,古体诗则包含了传统诗韵、清初官话和关中方言三个语音层次。古体诗所表现出来的一些押韵特征,如止、蟹混押,止、遇混押,遇、流混押,通、梗、曾混并,-m、-n、-?韵尾混并,入声韵尾混并等,既能在唐五代关中方音、前代及同时期韵文中找到对应,又与现代关中方言一致。因此,应认为是清初关中方音的实际反映。Most author in the regional poetry album Ernan Yiyin(《二南遗音》)collected by Liu Shaoban was born in Guanzhong district.Modern style poetry and ancient style poetry show different characteristics in rhyme.The rhyme of modern style poetry is the mixed product of traditional rhyme and official dialect of the early Qing dynasty,while the rhyme of ancient style poetry contains three phonetic levels:traditional rhyme,official dialect of the early Qing dynasty and Guanzhong dialect.The words in zhi(止)and xie(蟹)were used as rhyme in certain ancient style poetry,as well as zhi(止)and yu(遇),yu(遇)and liu(流),tong(通),geng(梗)and ceng(曾),different Nasal terminal,different ru tone terminals.This kind of phenomenon not only can be found in verse and poetry in ancient style poetry of the Tang and Five dynasties,but also is consistent with modern Guanzhong dialect,which should be regarded as the actual reflection of the Guanzhong dialect at the beginning of the Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：《二南遗音》 近体诗 古体诗 用韵 关中方音 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K249[历史地理—历史学]