单缸内燃机拆装与机械结构分析虚拟仿真实验开发和教学设计  

Instructional Design and Development of Virtual Simulation Experiment for the Disassembly and Assembly and the Analysis of Mechanical Structure in Single-Cylinder Internal Combustion Engine

作　　者：王琳[1,2,3] 贾国良[1,2,3] 李怡欣[1] 陈国定[1,2,3] WANG Lin;JIA Guoliang;LI Yixin;CHEN Guoding(School of Mechanical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;National Center for Virtual Simulation Experimental Education of Mechanical-Fundamentals and Aeronautical Manufacturing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical-Fundamentals Education,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072 [2]西北工业大学机械基础与航空制造国家级虚拟仿真实验教学中心,西安710072 [3]西北工业大学机械基础国家级实验教学示范中心,西安710072

出　　处：《实验科学与技术》2023年第2期39-43,共5页Experiment Science and Technology

基　　金：西北工业大学教育教学改革研究项目(2023JGY11);教育部产学合作协同育人项目2022年第二批(220905248273407);国家自然科学基金(51975475)。

摘　　要：结合新工科背景下智能制造大类人才培养的要求,将虚拟仿真技术应用于较高复杂度和集成度的综合实验教学,建立了单缸内燃机拆装与机械结构分析虚拟仿真实验系统。该虚拟仿真实验以单缸内燃机的工作原理介绍、机械结构组成、关键部件特征、拆装工艺流程和零件力学分析为主要内容,通过教学视频、文字介绍、模型拆装和实物展示等方式引导学生开展虚拟仿真实验。学生首先通过虚拟仿真实验系统的基础学习模块进行模型认知和理论学习;然后通过机械结构与分析中的“模型展示”“虚拟实验”“计算分析”和“知识测验”功能,分别进行操作训练、基于操纵步骤提示的拆装实践、理论知识测试考核以及零部件静力学性能计算;最后,虚拟仿真实验系统可以详细记录学生实验过程并自主评分,通过实验报告模块生成报告并完成实验。按照虚实结合和线上线下结合的思路开展实验教学,有效提升教学效果和实验效率,为智能制造大类人才的实践教学和综合能力培养提供了重要支撑。A virtual simulation experiment of single-cylinder internal combustion engine is developed for the requirements of talent cultivation in intelligent manufacturing.The virtual simulation technique has been more and more applied in the comprehensive experiments,especially under the background of new engineering and technical disciplines.The contents of virtual simulation experiment include mechanical structure,operating principle,characteristics of key components,technological processes of disassembly and assembly,mechanical analysis,etc.The experiment is conducted by teaching video,text instruction,engine model,and physical display.Firstly,the students can conduct the model cognition and the theoretical study based on basic learning module of the virtual simulation platform.Then,the students turn into the module of mechanical structure and analysis,which includes the training of software operation,the practice of disassembly and assembly,the test of theoretical knowledge,the force analysis of mechanical parts.Finally,the experiment report module can record the experiment process,give the marks,and export the full report.The teaching effect and the experiment efficiency have been well improved by the combination of virtuality and reality together with the way of online to offline.Besides,the instructional design also provides significant support for practical teaching and ability training.

关 键 词：单缸内燃机 拆装 机械结构 虚拟仿真实验 实践教学 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TK413[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]