2020年句容市稻田土壤-水稻系统重金属含量水平及污染评价  

Content and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in soil-rice system in rice field of Jurong City in 2020

作　　者：尹艳[1] 董淑江 岁源 YIN Yan;DONG Shu-jiang;SUI Yuan(Clinical Laboratory,Jurong Center for disease Control and Prevention,Jurong Jiangsu,212400,China)

机构地区：[1]句容市疾病预防控制中心检验科,江苏句容212400

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第5期630-633,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：江苏省卫生计生委科研课题(Y2015042)。

摘　　要：目的了解句容市稻田土壤-水稻系统重金属污染状况,为句容市土壤-水稻系统重金属污染防治提供科学依据。方法采集2020年11月份句容市10个乡镇稻田土壤和水稻样本各130份,利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对土壤和水稻中铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)和汞(Hg)5种重金属的含量进行综合评价,并通过生物富集系数(bioaccumulation factor,BAF)法对其在水稻籽粒中的富集水平进行评价。结果句容市稻田土壤中5种重金属元素(Cr、Cd、Pb、As和Hg)的平均含量分别为63.300、0.379、43.240、11.729和0.101 mg/kg,水稻籽粒中5种重金属元素(Cr、Cd、Pb、As和Hg)的平均含量分别为0.476、0.171、0.082、0.085和0.005 mg/kg,均在标准限值范围内,土壤和水稻籽粒中Cd的超标率分别为23.08%、31.54%。以单因子污染指数法评价,土壤和水稻籽粒中单因子污染指数的平均值均<1,污染等级属于“清洁、安全”。土壤样品内梅罗综合污染指数为1.470,水稻籽粒样品内梅罗综合污染指数为1.644,污染水平均属于“轻度污染,开始受污染”。水稻富集Cd的能力最强,Pb最弱。结论句容市土壤-水稻系统中重金属存在轻微的污染情况,部分土壤、水稻样品存在不同程度的重金属污染,应该引起监管部门足够的重视并采取相应的措施。Objective To understand the content and pollution characteristics in soil-rice system in rice field of Jurong City,provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in the soil-rice system in Jurong City.Methods A total of 130 soil and 130 rice samples were collected from 10 towns in Jurong City in November 2020.The contents of chromium(Cr),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),arsenic(As)and mercury(Hg)in soil and rice were evaluated by single factor pollution index method and Nemero comprehensive pollution index method,and the enrichment levels of them in rice grain were evaluated by bioaccumulation factor(BAF)method.Results The average content of Cr,Cd,Pb,As and Hg in soil in rice field of Jurong City was 63.300,0.379,43.240,11.729 and 0.101 mg/kg,respectively,while the average content of Cr,Cd,Pb,As and Hg in rice grain was 0.476,0.171,0.082,0.085 and 0.005 mg/kg,respectively,all the results were within the standard limits,and the over-standard rate of Cd in soil and rice grain was 23.08%and 31.54%respectively.The average values of single factor pollution index in soil and rice grain were<1,which the pollution levels were"clean,safe".The Nemero comprehensive pollution index of soil sample was 1.470,and that of rice grain sample was 1.644,the pollution levels were both"light pollution,start to be polluted".The ability of rice to enrich Cd was the strongest,while Hg was the weakest.Conclusion There is slight pollution of heavy metals in soil-rice system of Jurong City,some soil and rice are polluted by heavy metals in different degrees,and regulatory authorities should pay enough attention to and take corresponding measures.

关 键 词：土壤 水稻 重金属 含量水平 富集系数 

分 类 号：R155.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]