施氮量和杈烟留叶数及打顶时期对白肋烟产量与品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate,Remained Leaves from Branch and Topping Stage on Yield and Quality of Burley Tobacco

作　　者：戢飞 文涛 陈成立 吴宝成 张方 段孝林 李仕杰 罗芳 徐腊 JI Fei;WEN Tao;CHEN Chengli;WU Baocheng;ZHANG Fang;DUAN Xiaolin;LI Shijie;LUO Fang;XU La(Jianshi Tobacco Monopoly Bureau,Enshi Tobacco Company,Jianshi,Hubei 445300;Enshi Tobacco Company,Hubei Tobacco Company,Jianshi,Hubei 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]恩施州烟草公司建始县烟草专卖局,湖北建始445300 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北建始445300

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第5期8-14,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司青年人才托举项目“提高白肋烟上部烟工业可用性的研究”(2018-2020)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明施氮量、杈烟留叶数和打顶时期三因素交互作用对白肋烟产量和品质的影响,为白肋烟规范生产提供依据。【方法】采用正交试验研究施氮量(300.0 kg/hm^(2)、337.5 kg/hm^(2)、375.0 kg/hm^(2))、杈烟留叶数(6叶、9叶、12叶)、打顶时期(现蕾初期打顶、现蕾期打顶、初花期打顶)三因素组合对白肋烟鄂烟1号农艺性状、产量和经济价值的影响。【结果】施氮量是影响农艺性状、产量、产值、上部叶和杈烟烟碱含量的关键因子,杈烟留叶数对均价、上等烟率影响最大。T_(9)(施氮量为375 kg/hm^(2)、留叶数为12片、打顶时期为现蕾期)产量最高,T 8(施氮量为375 kg/hm^(2)、留叶数为9片、打顶时期为现蕾初期)的产值和均价均最高,T 6(施氮量为337.5 kg/hm^(2)、留叶数为12片、打顶时期为现蕾初期)的上部烟率最高。【结论】鄂烟1号在建始烟区施氮量为375.0 kg/hm^(2)、留叶数为12片、打顶时期为现蕾期时烟株田间长势、外观质量、主要经济性状和化学成分方面的综合表现最优。【Objective】The effects of three-factor interaction(nitrogen application rate,number of remained leaves from branches and topping stage)on yield and quality of burley tobacco are explored to provide the scientific basis for standardized production of burley tobacco.【Method】The effects of different factor combination of nitrogen application rate(300.0 kg/hm^(2),337.5 kg/hm^(2)and 375.0 kg/hm^(2)),number of remained leaves(6,9 and 12)and topping stage(early squaring stage,squaring stage and early flowering stage)on agronomic trait,yield and economic value of Eyan 1 are studied by an orthogonal design.【Result】The nitrogen application rate is the key factor to influence agronomic traits,yield,output value of burley tobacco and nicotine content of the upper and branch leaves.The number of remained leaves has the greatest effects on average price and first-class tobacco rate of burley tobacco.T_(9)(375.0 kg/hm^(2)N+12 remained leaves+topping at squaring stage),T 8(375.0 kg/hm^(2)N+9 remained leaves+topping at early squaring stage)and T 6(375.0 kg/hm^(2)N+12 remained leaves+topping at early squaring stage)have the highest yield,highest output value and highest average price,highest first-class tobacco rate respectively.【Conclusion】The growth vigour,appearance quality,major economic traits and chemical components of Eyan 1 are the best under the conditions of 375.0 kg/hm^(2)N+12 remained leaves+topping at squaring stage in Jianshi burley tobacco-growing area.

关 键 词：白肋烟 鄂烟1号 施氮量 杈烟留叶数 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]