北京市心理援助热线青少年来电者的特征  

Characteristics of adolescents who called the Beijing psychological support hotline

作　　者：安静[1] 殷怡[1] 梁红[1] 赵丽婷[1] 童永胜[1] AN Jing;YIN Yi;LIANG Hong;ZHAO Liting;TONG Yongsheng(Bejing Huilongguan Hospital,Peking University Huilongguan Clnical Medical School,Beajing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,北京大学回龙观临床医学院,北京100096

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2023年第6期503-509,共7页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心“登峰”计划专项经费(DFL20221701);北京市医院管理中心临床医学发展专项(ZYLX202130);高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目培养计划(学科骨干-02-07)。

摘　　要：目的:探索心理援助热线青少年来电者的基本特征。方法:收集2018-2021年北京市心理援助热线的青少年来电者的一般人口学资料、主诉的问题,通过评估抑郁情绪、希望感、痛苦感和自杀风险(如,近两周和来电当下是否有自杀行为)来了解心理健康状况,并根据不同性别和来电时间进行分组比较。根据希望感、心理痛苦感和抑郁情绪得分的中位数,将连续变量转为分类变量,分别将其分为高和低两组。结果:共纳入19341例青少年来电者,9.8%的来电者近2周实施过自杀行为,在来电的时候正在实施自杀行为的占比3.1%。近2周有自杀未遂和来电当时正在实施自杀行为的比例女性高于男性(P<0.001),既往有自杀未遂史(P<0.001)、高心理痛苦感(P<0.001)、高抑郁程度(P<0.001)和低希望感(P<0.001)的比例女性高于男性。正在实施自杀行为(P<0.001)、低希望感(P<0.001)、高抑郁程度(P<0.001)和既往有自杀未遂史(P<0.001)的来电者在凌晨打电话的比例高于其他时间。结论:女性和凌晨来电的青少年来电者心理健康状况相对更差,自杀风险更高。Objective:To explore the characteristics and mental health status of adolescent callers of Beijing Psychological Support HoUine.Methods:General demographic data,reported themes of adolescent callers of the hotline from 2018 to 2021 were collected,menta1 health status was evaluated by the indicator of depression,hopefu1-ness,psychologica1 distress and suicide risk(for example,whether have suicide act currently or in past 2 weeks).Besides,the data between callers with diferent gender and the timne they cal1ed the hotline were compared.Hopefulness,psychological distress and depression were devided into two gtoups(high and 1ow)accord-ing to the median of these indicators.Results:A tota1 of 19341 calls were enrolled into the study.9.8%of adoles-cent callers had attemnpting suicide in the past two weeks,and 3.1%of themn were attemnpting suicide when they called The proportion of attempted suicide and suicidal behavior in the 1ast two weeks was higher in femnale callers than in male callers(P<0.001).The proportion of having attermpted suicide in the past(P<0.001),high 1evel of depression(P<0.001)and psychological distress(P<0.001),and 1ow 1evel of hopefulness(P<0.001)was higher in femnale callers than in male callers.The proporton of adolescent callers who were atempting suicide(P<0.001),with 1ower 1evel of hopefulness(P<0.001),higher 1evel of depression(P<0.001),and history of at-tempted suicide(P<0.001)were higher in those calling in the early morning than in those calling at other time.Conclusion:It suggests that female adolescent callers and those who call in the early moming may have worse menta1 health and higher suicide risk.

关 键 词：心理援助热线 青少年 特征 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理] B844.2[社会学]