雅俗视域下的宋人贬杜论平议  

On Song Scholar’s Disparagement of Du Fu in the Perspective of Elegance and Vulgarity

作　　者：李昊宸 Li Haochen

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国语言文学系,510275

出　　处：《杜甫研究学刊》2023年第2期13-29,42,共18页Journal of Du fu Studies

摘　　要：在“以俗为雅”观念的影响下,宋人对杜甫诗中善用俚语、即俗为雅者推尊颇多。然而,杨亿、欧阳修、苏轼、吕本中等人尝有杜诗“不免村夫子”“有俗气”“真村陋”“颇近质野”之论,洪迈、严有翼等亦尝围绕着“友于”一词的使用,斥杜“未能免俗”“徇俗太过”。诸家贬杜由单纯指摘杜诗之俚俗,到客观评价其“俗不害雅”,再到针对具体俗词,与尊杜者观点相击撞,充分挖掘杜诗中的“俗中之雅”,这些对杜诗用俗不同程度的认识与批判,体现着宋人“俗”概念的不断深化,也折射出时人雅俗观的渐次演变与成熟。Under the influence of the concept of“taking vulgarity as elegance”,the Song scholars paid a lot of respect to Du Fu’s poems,which made good use of slang and taking vulgarity as elegance.However,Yang Yi,Ouyang Xiu,Su Shi,and Lv Benzhong had the opinion that Du Fu’s poems were not free from the villagers,vulgar,boorish,quite plain and wild.Other Song scholars such as Hong Mai and Yan Youyi also denounced Du’s favoring vulgarity too much around the use of the word“youyu”.The scholars’criticism of Du’s poetry ranged from simply accusing Du of being vulgar to objectively evaluating his“vulgarity does not harm elegance”,and then to targeting specific vulgar words and colliding with those who respected Du to fully explore the“elegance in vulgarity”in Du’s poetry.These different degrees of understanding and criticism of the use of vulgarity in Du’s poems reflect the deepening of Song scholars’interpretation of vulgarity and the gradual evolution and maturity of the contemporary view of elegance and vulgarity.

关 键 词：杜甫 雅俗 宋代诗学 贬杜论 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K244[历史地理—历史学]