山药提取物对虹鳟肝脏生化指标及脾脏免疫基因表达的影响  

Effects of yam extract on biochemical indexes in liver and immune genes expression in spleen of rainbow trout

作　　者：郭向萌 王凡 刘飞 GUO Xiangmeng;WANG Fan;LIU Fei(College of Life Sciences,Luoyang Normal University,Luoyang 471934,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳师范学院生命科学学院,河南洛阳471934

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第8期122-128,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(182102110407)。

摘　　要：为了探讨山药提取物对虹鳟免疫调控的分子机制及其作为饲料添加剂的可行性,试验将360尾健康且大小均匀的虹鳟随机分为4组(对照组和0.1%、0.2%、0.4%添加组),每组设置3个养殖缸,每个养殖缸30尾,对照组仅投喂基础日粮,0.1%、0.2%、0.4%添加组分别投喂在基础日粮中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.4%山药提取物的试验日粮,每天投喂3次,日投喂量为鱼体重的3.5%,养殖时间为56 d,测定各组的肝脏生化指标和脾脏免疫基因(抗氧化相关基因、溶菌酶及补体相关基因、细胞因子及热休克蛋白相关基因)表达量。结果表明:在肝脏中,与对照组比较,3个添加组的丙二醛(MDA)浓度有降低趋势,总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)活性有升高趋势,但均差异不显著(P>0.05);3个添加组的总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);0.4%添加组的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组比较,3个添加组的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性有升高趋势,且0.1%、0.2%添加组的ALP活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3个添加组的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和溶菌酶(LYZ)活性均显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),且0.4%添加组的ALT、AST和LYZ活性最高。在脾脏细胞中,与对照组比较,各添加组的谷胱甘肽S转移酶α(GSTα)、SOD、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶1(GPX1)、补体3(C3)、LYZ、补体因子B(FACB)、补体因子H(FACH)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、热休克蛋白90BA(HSP90BA)、热休克蛋白90BB(HSP90BB)、热激同源蛋白70A(HSC70A)基因的相对表达量有升高趋势(0.1%添加组的SOD基因除外);0.2%和0.4%添加组GSTα基因的相对表达量显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);0.4%添加组SOD和CAT基因的相对表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3个添加组GPX1基因的相对表达量显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),且In order to explore the molecular mechanism of yam extract on immune regulation of rainbow trout and its feasibility as a feed additive,360 healthy and uniform size rainbow trout were randomly divided into 4 groups(control group and 0.1%,0.2%,0.4%supplemented groups).3 tanks were set up for each group with 30 trout in each tank.The control group was fed only basal diet.The 0.1%,0.2%and 0.4%addition groups were fed with the experimental diet supplemented with 0.1%,0.2%and 0.4%yam extract,respectively,three times a day,the daily feeding amount was 3.5%of the fish body weight,and the breeding time was 56 days.The liver biochemical indexes and the expression of spleen immune genes(antioxidant related genes,lysozyme and complement related genes,cytokines and heat shock protein related genes)were measured in each group.The results showed that in the liver,compared with the control group,the malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration in the three supplemented groups tended to decrease,and the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)activity tended to increase,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).The total superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity of the three supplemented groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The concentration of reduced glutathione(GSH)in 0.4%supplement group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of the three supplemented groups showed an increasing trend,and the ALP activity of the 0.1%and 0.2%supplemented groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and lysozyme(LYZ)in the three supplemented groups were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the activities of ALT,AST and LYZ in the 0.4%supplemented group were the highest.In the spleen cells,compared with the control group,the relative expression of glutathione S-transfer

关 键 词：山药提取物 虹鳟 肝脏 脾脏 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]