1987—2021年淮河流域FVC时空变化与驱动因素分析  

Spatiotemporal Variation and Driving Factors for FVC in Huaihe River Basin from 1987 to 2021

作　　者：赵胜楠[1] 王宇[1] 乔旭宁[1] 赵同谦[2] ZHAO Shengnan;WANG Yu;QIAO Xuning;ZHAO Tongqian(School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;School of Resource and Environment,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,焦作454000 [2]河南理工大学资源环境学院,焦作454000

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第4期180-190,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971274);河南省科技攻关计划项目(212102310028);河南理工大学博士基金项目(B2021-16)。

摘　　要：植被覆盖状况及其响应是当前全球变化研究的重要议题,研究淮河流域植被覆盖度(Fraction of vegetation coverage,FVC)的时空变化趋势,对于揭示气候过渡带脆弱生态系统演化及驱动机制有重要意义。本文利用Google Earth Engine(GEE)平台上的Landsat影像计算淮河流域的植被覆盖度,分析FVC时空变化特征,并借助夜间灯光强度、气温、降水量、蒸散发、土壤和地形等数据,从年际尺度和空间尺度分析FVC的驱动因素。结果表明:1987—2021年淮河流域FVC整体呈增加态势,FVC变化趋势在空间上以稳定和改善为主,面积占比分别为45.2%和39.7%,改善区域集中在信阳、驻马店、南阳、洛阳等地,退化区域集中在南通、泰州、盐城、临沂、潍坊、郑州和阜阳等地。在年际尺度,FVC变化与夜间灯光强度的显著性高于气温和降水量,淮北区域FVC增加趋势不如淮南区域显著。在空间尺度,夜间灯光强度、潜在蒸散发、降水量和地形是淮河流域FVC空间差异的主要影响因素,夜间灯光数据表征的人类活动对FVC的影响最大;夜间灯光数据对FVC变化的影响具有空间异质性:正相关区域面积占比25.4%,主要为耕地和林地;负相关区域面积占比14.7%,主要为地级市乃至县城的中心城区。人类活动和自然因素变化的共同作用是淮河流域近35年来植被变化的主要原因,人类活动和自然因素对FVC变化的平均贡献度分别为56.0%和44.0%。研究成果可为我国绿色城镇化道路及生态保护政策制定提供支撑。Vegetation coverage and its response is an important topic in current global change research.Studying the temporal and spatial change trend of vegetation coverage in the Huaihe River basin is of great significance for revealing the evolution and driving mechanism of fragile ecosystems in the climate transition zone.The Landsat images on the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform were used to calculate the fraction of vegetation coverage(FVC)of the Huaihe River basin,and the temporal and spatial change characteristics of FVC were analyzed.The driving factors of FVC were analyzed from interannual and spatial scales with the data of night light,temperature,precipitation,evapotranspiration,soil and topography.The results showed that from 1987 to 2021,the overall FVC in the Huaihe River basin showed an increasing trend.The change trend of FVC was mainly stable and improved in space,accounting for 45.2%and 39.7%,respectively.The improvement area was concentrated in Xinyang,Zhumadian,Nanyang,Luoyang,etc.,while the degradation area was mainly found in Nantong,Taizhou,Yancheng,Linyi,Weifang,Zhengzhou,Fuyang,etc.On the interannual scale,the correlation between FVC change and night light data was higher than that of temperature and precipitation,and the increasing trend of FVC in Huaibei was not as significant as that in Huainan.On the spatial scale,nighttime light,potential evapotranspiration,precipitation and terrain were the main factors affecting the spatial differences of FVC in the Huaihe River basin,and human activities represented by nighttime light had the greatest impact on FVC.The influence of nighttime lighting data on FVC change had spatial heterogeneity:the area of positive correlation area accounted for 25.4%,mainly cultivated land and forest land.The area of negatively correlated areas accounted for 14.7%,mainly distributed in the central urban areas of prefecture⁃level cities and even counties.The joint effect of human activities and natural factors was the main cause of vegetation change in Huaihe River basin

关 键 词：植被覆盖度 GEE 人类活动 夜间灯光 气候变化 淮河流域 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] X37[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]