虾青素的生物合成与产业化应用  

Biosynthesis and Industrial Application of Astaxanthin

作　　者：苗丽青 马旭辉 李素贞[1] 陈茹梅[1] 柳小庆[1] MIAO Liqing;MA Xuhui;LI Suzhen;CHEN Rumei;LIU Xiaoqing(Biotechnology Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2023年第3期21-29,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32171453)。

摘　　要：虾青素属于类胡萝卜素,具有较强的抗氧化活性及多种生物活性,因此被广泛应用于食品、化工、医疗等领域。虾青素存在立体异构和几何异构等多种异构体形式,不同异构体的生物活性存在差异,在商业化应用上也有不同。目前,商业化应用的虾青素主要来源于化学合成和微生物与雨生红球藻的提取物,但二者均存在一定的限制性因素。近年来,为了开辟新的虾青素生物合成途径,越来越多的研究报道了利用基因工程技术在植物中重构虾青素合成代谢途径合成虾青素。同时,通过提高虾青素的稳定性来拓展其应用范围,增强应用效果。对虾青素的特性、主要的生物合成途径及应用现状进行了综述,总结了有关虾青素合成的植物基因工程研究和活性递送系统的发展,并对虾青素的产业化应用进行了展望。A staxanthin belongs to the carotenoids.It has strong antioxidant activity and a variety of biological activities.Therefore,astaxanthin is widely used in food,chemical,medical and other fields.Astaxanthin has stereoisomerism and geometric isomerism.The different isomers have different biological activities and commercial applications.Nowadays,astaxanthin for commercial application mainly comes from chemical synthesis and extracts from microorganisms and Haematococcus pluvialis,but both of the methods have certain limiting factors.In order to open up a new astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway,more and more studies have reported that astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway is reconstructed in plants by genetic engineering technology to synthesize astaxanthin in recent years.At the same time,the stability of astaxanthin was improved to expand its application scope and enhance the absorption effect.the characteristics,main biosynthetic pathways and applications of astaxanthin were overviewed,and the development of plant genetic engineering research and active delivery system related to astaxanthin synthesis were summarized.It is expected that the combination and transformation of research results could promote the industrial application of astaxanthin in the future.

关 键 词：虾青素 生物合成 产业应用 递送系统 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学]