近交对大骨鸡生长速度影响的研究  

Research on the effects of inbreeding on the growth speed of Dagu chickens

作　　者：刘新宇 刘朋 刘可心 奚晓娥 朱弘焱 苏玉虹 田玉民 Liu Xinyu;Liu Peng;Liu Kexin;Xi Xiao'e;Zhu Hongyan;Su Yuhong;Tian Yumin(Key Laboratory of Animal Product Quality and Safety of Liaoning Province,Liaoning Jinzhou 121001;College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Jinzhou Medical University,Liaoning Jinzhou 121001;College of Food and Health,Jinzhou Medical University,Liaoning Jinzhou 121001)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省畜产品质量与安全重点实验室,辽宁锦州121001 [2]锦州医科大学畜牧兽医学院,辽宁锦州121001 [3]锦州医科大学食品与健康学院,辽宁锦州121001

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2023年第4期34-38,共5页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：辽宁省兴辽英才计划科技创新领军人才(XLYC1902041);中央引导地方科技发展专项(10500072);辽宁省科技特派项目(2021JH5/101)。

摘　　要：试验旨在通过杂交组合途径提高大骨鸡生长性能,建立大骨鸡近交系。试验比较原种大骨鸡和根据原种大骨鸡近交得到的4个近交家系(青脚体大、青脚高繁、黄脚高繁、黄脚体大)以及多家系混合输精所获商品大骨鸡的0、6、12和20周龄体重和平均日增重。结果显示,与原种大骨鸡相比,6、12、20周龄近交系大骨鸡公鸡体重和平均日增重极显著降低(P<0.01),6周龄近交系大骨鸡母鸡体重和平均日增重显著降低(P<0.05),12周龄近交系大骨鸡母鸡体重和平均日增重极显著降低(P<0.01)。商品大骨鸡公鸡13~20周龄平均日增重极显著高于原种大骨鸡(P<0.01)。在1日龄及6、12和20周龄,各近交系大骨鸡公鸡和母鸡的体重、平均日增重差异均不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,通过建立自交系、筛选杂交组合方式可改善大骨鸡增重速度。The aim of the experiment was to improve the growth performance of Dagu chicken and establish an inbred line of Dagu chicken through cross combination.In the experiment,the body weight and average daily gain of 0,6,12 and 20 weeks of age were compared between the original Dagu chickens and four inbred families(big green foot breeding,high green foot breeding,high yellow foot breeding,and large yellow foot body breeding)and commercial Dagu chickens from multiple families.The results showed that compared with original Dagu chickens,the body weight and average daily gain of Dagu chickens at 6,12 and 20 weeks of age were extremely decreased(P<0.01),the body weight and average daily gain of Dagu chickens at 6 weeks of age were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the body weight and average daily gain of Dagu chickens at 12 weeks of age were extremely decreased(P<0.01).The average daily gain of commercial Dagu chickens at 13 to 20 weeks of age was extremely higher than that of original Dagu chickens(P<0.01).At 1 day of age and 6,12 and 20 weeks of age,there were no significant differences in body weight and average daily gain between cocks and hens of all inbred lines(P>0.05).The study indicates that the weight gain rate of Dagu chickens could be improved by establishing inbred lines and screening hybrid combinations.

关 键 词：大骨鸡 近交 体重 平均日增重 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]