两种不同土壤对水稻镉吸收及其动态积累特征的影响  

Effects of Two Different Paddy Soils on Cd Uptake and Dynamic Accumulation Characteristics of Rice

作　　者：黄柯依 刘玉 任雯靖[1,2] 贺信 张臻 黄芸培 姜晓婷[1,2] 黄高翔 HUANG Ke-yi;LIU Yu;REN Wen-jing;HE Xin;ZHANG Zhen;HUANG Yun-pei;JIANG Xiao-ting;HUANG Gao-xiang(School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research,Ministry of Education,Nanchang 330022,China;Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,江西南昌330022 [2]鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330022 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《土壤通报》2023年第2期432-440,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42061018);江西省青年基金项目(20202BAB215016);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202110414007)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】探究水稻在不同土壤上的镉吸收转运动态特征。【方法】选择我国轻中度镉超标水稻土红砂泥(普通铁聚水耕人为土)和油泥土(普通铁渗水耕人为土),采用盆栽试验种植水稻,分别在水稻幼苗期、分蘖中期、孕穗中期和成熟期分析不同器官镉累积的动态特征。【结果】水稻种植前油泥土CaCl_(2)提取态镉浓度(0.02 mg kg^(−1))比红砂泥(0.15 mg kg^(−1))低86.7%,导致苗期至分蘖中期油泥土水稻植株体内镉的平均累积速率(0.09μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))比红砂泥(0.32μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))低71.9%,但分蘖中期至孕穗中期油泥土水稻植株体内镉平均累积速率(0.038μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))比红砂泥(0.073μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))低47.9%,表明分蘖中期之前是土壤类型影响水稻植株体内镉积累的关键期。到了成熟期,由于红砂泥上水稻植株体内镉向糙米的分配比率(11.0%)低于油泥土(16.6%),加之两种土壤上成熟期水稻植株体内镉累积量均下降,且红砂泥上水稻植株体内镉累积量下降率(28.9%)高于油泥土(18.2%)。油泥土水稻糙米镉累积量比红砂泥低44.4%。【结论】土壤差异除了通过影响土壤有效态镉浓度而影响水稻对镉的吸收外,也通过影响水稻植株体内镉的转运过程,进一步影响糙米镉含量。[Objective]The aims were to study the dynamic uptake and transport characteristics of cadmium(Cd)within rice in different soils.[Method]Slightly to moderately Cd-contaminated paddy soils including reddish sandy soil(Typic Fe-accumulic-Stagnic Anthrosols)and slurry soil(Typic Fe-leachi-Stagnic Anthrosols)in China were selected to plant rice through a pot experiment.Rice plants were sampled respectively at the seedling,mid-tillering,mid-booting,and mature stages for the determination of Cd accumulation in different tissues.[Result]The results showed that the CaCl_(2)-extractable Cd concentration(0.02 mg kg^(−1))in the slurry soil was 86.7%lower than that in the reddish sandy soil(0.15 mg kg^(−1)).Thus,the average accumulation rate of Cd in the slurry soil(0.09μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))during the seedling to mid-tillering period was 71.9%lower than that in the reddish sandy soil(0.32μg plant^(−1)d^(−1)),while the average accumulation rate of Cd in the slurry soil(0.038μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))was 47.9%lower than that in the reddish sandy soil(0.073μg plant^(−1)d^(−1))during the mid-tillering to booting period,indicating the seedling to midtillering stage was the key period for soil types to affect Cd accumulation in rice.At the mature stage,the distribution rate of Cd in brown rice in the reddish sandy soil(11.0%)was lower than that in the slurry soil(16.6%).Furthermore,the Cd amounts in mature rice were reduced in both two soils,and the reduction rate in the red sandy soil(28.9%)was higher than that in the slurry soil(18.2%).As a result,Cd amount of brown rice in the slurry soil was 44.4%lower than that in the reddish sandy soil.[Conclusion]This study indicates that soil differences influence not only the Cd availability in soil and uptake by rice but also the transport of Cd within rice plant,and further regulate Cd concentration in brown rice.

关 键 词：土壤性质 累积量 累积速率 分配比率 动态特征 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]