疫情下双渠道供应链恢复努力决策及契约研究  

Recovery efforts and contracts in a dual-channel supply chain under epidemic

作　　者：王文隆 刘祺[2] 冯耕中[2] 张涑贤[3] WANG Wenlong;LIU Qi;FENG Gengzhong;ZHANG Suxian(School of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;School of Management,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Management,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100 [2]西安交通大学管理学院,西安710049 [3]西安建筑科技大学管理学院,西安710055

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2023年第3期857-870,共14页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72102185,72102176);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2452021113);陕西省社会科学基金(2022R030)。

摘　　要：新冠疫情对双渠道供应链消费需求形成冲击,造成大量线下需求转向线上消费.针对线上线下两种渠道的恢复过程,考虑线下渠道的延迟恢复和顾客的线上消费习惯,构建以制造商为主导的延迟微分博弈模型,分析并求解分散式决策和集中式决策下双方的最优恢复努力、恢复水平和价值函数现值,通过设计双边成本分担契约以实现协调.研究发现:集中式决策中的线上线下渠道恢复努力均大于分散式决策;延迟时间存在一定的阈值,当小于该阈值时,集中式决策下的最优价值函数现值较高,反之分散式决策下的最优价值函数现值较高;分散决策时需求转移系数与线上渠道恢复水平正相关、与线下恢复水平负相关;双边成本分担契约中的分担比例与需求转移系数正相关、与零售商的边际利润负相关.以上结论可为疫情影响下的双渠道供应链恢复决策的制定及协调管理提供参考.Under the impact of COVID-19 on the consumer demand of dual-channel supply chain,resulting in a large number of offline demand turning to online consumption.The delay differential game model led by the manufacturer was built to take into account the delayed recovery of offline channels and the online consumption habits of customers in the recovery process of both online and offline channels.In the model,the optimal recovery effort,recovery level and profit present value of both parties under decentralized and centralized decision-making are analyzed and solved,and bilateral cost-sharing contract is designed to realize supply chain coordination.The recovery efforts of online and offline in centralized decision-making are greater than those in decentralized decision-making.There is a certain threshold value for the delay time,when it is less than the threshold value,the present value of the profit in centralized decisionmaking is the best.On the contrary,the present value of the profit in decentralized decisionmaking is the best.In decentralized decision-making,the demand transfer coefficient is positively correlated with the online channel recovery level and negatively correlated with the offline channel recovery level.The proportion of bilateral cost-sharing contract is positively correlated with the demand transfer coefficient and negatively correlated with the retailer’s profit margin.The above conclusions can provide reference for decision-making and coordination management in the recovery of dual-channel supply chain during the epidemic.

关 键 词：双渠道供应链 延迟恢复 微分博弈 协调契约 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理] C934[经济管理—国民经济]