高质量发展背景下科技新闻主题识别及其热点演化分析  

Topic Identification and Hotspot Evolution Analysis of Sci-tech News in the Context of High-Quality Development

作　　者：王曰芬 刘佳宁[2] 王柳虹 岑咏华 Wang Yuefen

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学大数据科学研究院,天津300387 [2]南京理工大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2023年第5期107-116,共10页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目“天津高质量发展的重点科技指标对比和评价研究”(项目编号:21ZLZKZF00130);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目“典型的主题模型应用的比较研究”(项目编号:KYCX21_0420)的成果

摘　　要：[目的/意义]科技创新是驱动高质量发展的核心动力,科技新闻是人们了解科技发展情况的重要途径,识别科技新闻中的热点主题,反映国家战略发布和实施过程中的状态及变化,以为政府及科研人员提供有效的决策参考与信息支持。[方法/过程]从国家科技部网站中采集2011—2021年发布的科技新闻,借助新词发现与LDA主题模型等文本挖掘方法,文章构建了科技新闻热词发现与主题识别的研究方案,并对新闻热点进行演化分析。[结果/结论]我国科技新闻报道中主要集中于高新技术、科技交流合作、人才培养与激励、农村科技发展、绿色生态、科技创新载体建设和政府部门工作7个主题范畴;高质量发展总纲提出前后的关注热点产生了一定程度上的变化;科技创新驱动高质量发展相关新闻事件中,政府工作与高新技术的发展是关注的重点。[Purpose/significance]Scientific and technological innovation is the core driving force for high-quality development,and sci-tech news is an important way for people to understand the development of science and technology.Identifying hot topics in sci-tech news can reflect the status and changes in the process of national strategy release and implementation,so as to provide effective decision-making reference and information support for the government and scientific researchers.[Method/process]We collected the sci-tech news published in 2011-2021 from the website of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China.With the help of text mining methods such as new word discovery and LDA topic model,we built a research program for hot word discovery and topic recognition of sci-tech news,and analyze the evolution of news hotspots.[Result/conclusion]China’s sci-tech news reports mainly focus on seven theme categories:high-tech,science and technology exchange and cooperation,talent training and incentive,rural science and technology development,green ecology,construction of scientific and technological innovation carriers,and government work.The focus of attention has changed to a certain extent before and after the general outline of high-quality development was proposed.In the news events related to high-quality development driven by scientific and technological innovation,government work and the development of high-tech are the focus of attention.

关 键 词：高质量发展 科技新闻 文本挖掘 主题识别 热点演化 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学]