辽宁省6~11岁儿童口腔健康情况及其龋病发生的家庭知晓率情况分析  

Analysis of oral health status and household awareness rate of dental caries among children aged 6-11 years in Liaoning Province

作　　者：高青 吴明 刘璐[2] 叶茜雯 周欣琳 刘懿卿 GAO Qing;WU Ming;LIU Lu;YE Qianwen;ZHOU Xinlin;LIU Yiqing(Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110005 [2]中国医科大学附属口腔医院,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2023年第5期878-881,899,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：辽宁省儿童口腔健康管理适宜技术推广项目(2019JH2/10300004)。

摘　　要：目的了解2020年辽宁省6~11岁儿童及家长口腔保健知晓率情况及儿童口腔患龋情况,同时分析其影响因素,为进一步防治儿童口腔龋齿的发生提供科学策略和措施。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取辽宁省12个市6~11岁儿童共计7165名,对抽取的儿童进行口腔情况检查和问卷调查,同时对学生家长进行问卷调查。采用logistic回归分析研究儿童龋齿发生的影响因素。结果辽宁省6~11岁儿童的患龋率为90.8%,其口腔健康知识知晓率为64.2%,家长口腔健康知识知晓率为78.0%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,影响龋齿发生的主要因素为每天刷一次牙、做窝沟封闭、城乡分类、出生体重和父母最高学历(均P<0.05)。其中,每天刷一次牙(OR=0.461)和父母高学历(高中/中专OR=0.539,大专OR=0.488,本科OR=0.433,硕士及以上OR=0.367)为龋齿发生的保护性因素,而未做窝沟封闭(OR=1.627)、农村(OR=1.438)和孩子出生时高体重(2.5~4.0 kg,OR=2.564;>4.0 kg,OR=3.253)为龋齿发生的危险性因素。结论辽宁省6~11岁儿童龋齿发生率相对较高,防控形势严峻。应通过开展有针对性的宣传教育提高儿童及家长的口腔健康知识知晓率,进而养成儿童刷牙的好习惯,同时提高家长和儿童参与窝沟封闭的积极性等多种防控手段联合,以避免儿童龋齿的发生。Objective To investigate the oral health awareness rate of children aged 6-11 years and their parents and evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in children in Liaoning Province in 2020,analyze the influencing factors and provide scientific strategies and measures for further prevention and treatment of children's oral caries.Methods A total of 7165 children aged 6-11 years in 12 cities of Liaoning Province were selected by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling.The children were subjected to oral examination and questionnaire survey,and the parents were investigated by questionnaire survey.Logistic regression analysis of factors influencing dental caries was also conducted.Results The rate of dental caries was 90.8%,the awareness rate of oral health was 64.2%and the awareness rate of parents was 78.0%.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that brushing once a day,pit and fissure sealing,urban and rural classification,birth weight and high educational background of parents were the main factors influencing dental caries(P<0.05).Among them,brushing teeth once a day(OR=0.461)and parents'high education level(high school/technical secondary school OR=0.539,juniorcollege OR=0.488,undergraduate OR=0.433,master's degree above OR=0.367)were the protective factors for dental caries.The risk factors of dental caries were absence of pit and fissure sealing(OR=1.627)as well as rural(OR=1.438)and high birth weight(2.5-4.0 kg,OR=2.564;>4.0 kg,OR=3.253).Conclusion The incidence of dental caries among children aged 6-11 years in Liaoning Province is relatively high,and the situation of prevention and control is grim.The oral awareness rate of children and their parents should be raised through targeted publicity and education to form a good habit of tooth brushing.The enthusiasm of parents and children participating in the prevention and control of pit and fissure closure should be increased to prevent dental caries.

关 键 词：龋患率 6~11岁 儿童 知晓率 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]