优秀男、女短距离跨栏运动员跨栏跑技术的时空和速度参数研究  

Research on Time-space and Speed Parameters of Hurdling Techniques of Elite Male and Female Short-distance Hurdlers

作　　者：赵新宇 Zhao Xinyu(Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学,山东济南250358

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第4期43-45,共3页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：本文通过观察2022年尤金田径世锦赛男子110米栏和女子100米栏决赛参赛运动员跨栏跑过程录像,对比分析跨栏动作的时空特征和速度特征。研究结果:①男、女跨栏运动员的差异表现在起跳和落地距离、跨栏腾空时间和距离、第一步的腾空时间、第二步的长度以及第二步相对于第一步的长度变化。②在栏间节奏方面男、女运动员步长节奏都表现出“小-大-小”的同样特点。③男、女跨栏运动员速度节奏大体都呈现出镜像“■”的速度节奏特征。④男、女跨栏运动员在V2阶段以及最后终点冲刺的Vtrin阶段差距并不明显,最为明显的是V1阶段,即起跑后的加速跑能力,男运动员比女运动员的速度平均快0.5m/s。The purpose of this study is to explore the main time-space and speed parameters of elite male and female short-distance hurdlers’hurdling techniques,and put forward the corresponding technical analysis.Through the video analysis of all athletes’hurdling process in the men’s 110m hurdles final and the women’s 100m hurdles final of the 2022 Eugene World Athletics Championships,the temporal and spatial characteristics and speed characteristics of hurdling were compared and analyzed.The results show that:(a)The main significant differences between male and female hurdlers are the distance between takeoff and landing,the time and distance of hurdling,the time of the first step,the length of the second step and the change of the length of the second step relative to the first step.(b)As for the hurdle rhythm,male and female athletes show consistency,and the stride rhythm shows the characteristics of“small-big-small”.(c)The speed rhythm of male and female hurdlers generally presents a mirror image.(d)There is no obvious difference between male and female hurdlers in the V2 stage and the Vtrin stage of the final sprint.The most obvious difference is the V1 stage,that is,the accelerated running ability after the start.The average speed of male hurdlers is 0.5m/s faster than that of female hurdlers.

关 键 词：田径世锦赛 跨栏跑 技术分析 时空特征 速度特征 

分 类 号：G822.6[文化科学—体育训练]