肿瘤源性外泌体对微环境免疫调节的研究进展  

Progress in research on microenvironmental immune regulation related to tumor-derived exosomes

作　　者：刘翠华 张烜 LIU Cuihua;ZHANG Xuan(College of Basic Medical Sciences,Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学基础医学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2023年第4期501-505,共5页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81660482);内蒙古医科大学科技百万工程项目(YKD2015KJBW005)。

摘　　要：外泌体是由细胞内溶酶体微粒内陷形成的多囊泡体与细胞膜融合,主动向胞外分泌的含双层脂膜结构的纳米级囊泡样小体,是细胞外囊泡的一个分支。外泌体可携带多种蛋白质、核酸和脂类等信号分子,从而介导细胞间信息传递,对周围环境进行调控。肿瘤细胞较正常细胞分泌更多的外泌体,肿瘤源性外泌体(tumor-derived exosomes,TEXs)在形成和维持利于肿瘤细胞存活的免疫抑制微环境方面具有重要作用,可在体内和体外微环境中诱导免疫监视,调节免疫功能。本文对TEXs通过调控多种免疫细胞功能,从而诱导免疫抑制及对微环境的免疫调节方面的研究进展作一综述。Exosomes,a branch of extracellular vesicles,are nano-sized vesicle-like bodies with bilayer lipid membrane structure,which are secreted actively by multiple vesicles formed by intracellular lysosomal particles fusing with cell membrane.Exosomes carry a variety of signal molecules such as proteins,nucleic acids and lipids,which mediate the transmission of information between cells and regulate the surrounding environment.Tumor cells secrete more exosomes than normal cells,and tumor-derived exosomes(TEXs)play an important role in the formation and maintenance of immunosuppressive microenvironment conducive to the survival of tumor cells,which can induce immune surveillance and regulate immune function in vivo and in vitro.This paper reviews the research progress of TEXs on immunosuppression induced by the regulation of various immune cell functions and the immunomodulation of microenvironment.

关 键 词：肿瘤源性外泌体 细胞外囊泡 微环境 免疫调节 

分 类 号：R730.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]