2020—2021年沈阳地区4次短时强降水过程的大气可降水量变化对比分析  

Comparative analysis of changes in atmospheric precipitable water during four short-time heavy rainfall processes in Shenyang from 2020 to 2021

作　　者：徐爽 胡鹏宇 贾越[3] 崔劲松[1] 杨磊 李崇[1] 王东东 侯婉婷 XU Shuang;HU Peng-yu;JIA Yue;CUI Jin-song;YANG Lei;LI Chong;WANG Dong-dong;HOU Wan-ting(Shenyang Meteorological Service,Shenyang 110168,China;Liaoning Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning Center,Shenyang 110166,China;Liaoning Branch of China Meteorological Administration Training Center,Shenyang 110166,China;Institute of Atmospheric Environment,China Meteorological Administration,Shenyang 110166,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳市气象局,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]辽宁省气象灾害监测预警中心,辽宁沈阳110166 [3]中国气象局气象干部培训学院辽宁分院,辽宁沈阳110166 [4]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110166

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2023年第2期28-34,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局复盘总结专项(FPZJ2023-031);辽宁省气象局科学技术项目(2021SXB02、202204和RC202204);沈阳市气象局科学技术项目(SY202102、SY202204);中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2022J059);环渤海区域项目(QYXM202102);中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2017015);中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务项目(2019SYIAEMS2、2020SYIAEZH1)共同资助。

摘　　要：选取2020—2021年夏季沈阳地区出现的4次短时强降水过程,利用欧洲中心(ECMWF,European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)ERA5再分析资料、地基GPS(Global Position System)大气可降水量资料和常规观测资料,分析不同天气系统影响下,沈阳地区短时强降水过程中GPS水汽与水汽通量的变化特征。结果表明:短时强降水过程前,水汽累积时间的长短与相应的天气系统关系密切。副热带高压系统外围导致的强降水过程,大气可降水量(Precipitable Water Vapor,PWV)可以一直维持在较高水平,水汽增长速度可达1.1 mm·h^(-1)。此外,强降水出现时段与PWV峰值阶段相对应,但二者峰值并不完全重合;短时强降水出现时,沈阳站的大气可降水量超过38 mm;强降水结束后,PWV明显减弱。Based on the ECMWF(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)ERA5 reanalysis data,GPS(Global Position System)precipitable water vapor observations,and conventional observation data,the variation characteristics of atmospheric PWV(Precipitable Water Vapor)and water vapor flux during four short-time heavy rainfall processes from 2020-2021 under different weather systems in Shenyang were analyzed.The results show that the duration of water vapor accumulation is closely related to the corresponding weather system.PWV can be maintained at a relatively high level in the heavy rainfall process caused by the periphery of the subtropical high system,and the water vapor growth rate can reach 1.1 mm·h^(-1).In addition,the occurrence period of heavy rainfall corresponds with the peak of PWV,but the peaks of the two do not coincide completely.When short-time heavy rainfall occurs,the atmospheric precipitable water at Shenyang station reaches more than 38 mm.After the end of heavy rainfall,PWV weakens obviously.

关 键 词：短时强降水 地基GPS 水汽通量 

分 类 号：P458.11[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]