由“器”及“道”:中国大学生学情研究的本土化历程与展望  

Chinese College Students Survey Research:Localization History and Prospects

作　　者：周溪亭 张蓝文 ZHOU Xiting;ZHANG Lanwen(Institute of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学教育研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2023年第3期44-51,共8页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Educational Science)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“‘一带一路’建设背景下民族院校少数民族大学生职业胜任力的培养机制研究”(20CMZ024)。

摘　　要：自21世纪以来,“学情研究”范式在中国大学生学习与发展研究中日益占据重要地位。综合分析2000年以来中国大学生学情研究的主题演变、知识基础和代表性研究,发现相关研究从翻译借鉴国外的学情调查工具、学生学习发展理论等“器”的层面,到立足中国问题,探索中国学习者在学习过程中表现出来的特性,尝试构建本土理论“道”的层面,出现了由“器”及“道”的升华。具体表现为研究主题由点及面,围绕“学习投入”核心热点,从单一行为观向整合观视角转换,形成了学习过程、结果及院校对策三大主题聚类。知识基础由弱到强,研究思路从描述学情现状到揭示作用机制;虽然西方学习理论依旧占主导地位,但本土研究有所突破。重要的代表性成果由表及里、由粗到细、从学理到实践,从国际比较视野下的现状分析到解释中国问题,解密不同类型、年级大学生成长过程中的关键因素,关注院校层面的教育教学改革。面向未来,中国大学生学情研究要继续突破旧有范式,扎根中国教育情境,丰富中国大学生成长的理论解释;并秉持研究为实践服务的初心,从教育实践中发现问题、用科学成果反馈教育实践。Since the 21st century,the paradigm of“student survey research”has increasingly occupied an important position in the study of Chinese college students’learning and development.This study analyzes the theme evolution,knowledge base,and representative findings of the student survey research since 2000.It is found that the localization of the study paradigm has shown a trend from using foreign learning survey tools and Western student learning development theories to trying to build local theories based on Chinese problems and exploring the characteristics of Chinese learners-a sublimation from the“instrument”level to the“theory”level.Specifically,the research themes are still centered on the core topic of“learning engagement”but there is a shift from a behavioral perspective to a more diverse one;the cluster analysis of the theme words has formed three major theme clusters:learning process,learning outcomes,and institutional practice.As for the knowledge base,the research approach ranges from describing the current state of the learning situation to revealing deep mechanisms.Although Western learning theories continue to dominate,there are breakthroughs in local research.The important representative achievements include analyzing the current situation from an international comparative perspective,explaining Chinese problems,deciphering the key factors in the growth process of different types and grades of college students,and focusing on educational teaching reform at the institutional level.In the future,researchers should 1)continue to break through the old paradigm,take root in the Chinese educational context and enrich the theoretical explanation of the growth of Chinese college students;2)adhere to the initial goal of research serving practice,find problems from educational practice and give feedback to educational practice with scientific results.

关 键 词：中国大学生 学情研究 本土化历程 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]