典型炼化废水微生物功能结构与主要致毒物质响应关系研究  

Relationship between Microbial Diversity and Main Toxic Substances in Typical Refinery Wastewater

作　　者：宋佳宇 张婷婷 李立君 李丹丹 李兴春 李昀照 SONG Jiayu;ZHANG Tingting;LI Lijun;LI Dandan;LI Xingchun;LI Yunzhao(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control,Beijing 102206,China;CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environment Technology,Beijing 102206,China;College of Chemical Engineering and Environment,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102206,China;Panjin Green Development Service Center,Panjin 124200,China)

机构地区：[1]石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京102206 [3]中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,北京102206 [4]盘锦市绿色发展服务中心,辽宁盘锦124200

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第5期943-953,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国石油天然气集团有限公司科学与技术开发项目(No.2021DQ03-A4)。

摘　　要：为探明典型炼化废水处理系统(简称“系统”)生物毒性削减效果、主要致毒物质类别及微生物功能响应关系,以费氏弧菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为受试生物,测试系统沿程生物急性毒性及遗传毒性,并结合毒性鉴别评价方法甄别系统主要致毒物质,同时利用高通量测序技术探究系统微生物功能结构与主要致毒物质响应关系.结果表明:(1)系统沿程生物毒性总体呈下降趋势,生化处理单元进水为急性毒性微毒、遗传毒性阳性.其中,炼油废水急性毒性总削减率为86.514%,遗传毒性总削减率为96.221%;化工废水急性毒性总削减率为53.281%,遗传毒性总削减率为62.273%.(2)通过毒性鉴别评价方法(toxicity identification evaluation,TIE)结果推断,炼油废水主要致毒物质可能为阳离子金属及非极性有机物,化工废水主要致毒物质可能为阳离子金属.(3)CCA分析表明,NH_(3)-N浓度(r=0.819,p=0.001)、Cr浓度(r=0.777,p=0.002)、TPH(total petroleum hydrocarbon,总石油烃)浓度(r=0.752,p=0.002)与生化处理前微生物群落结构均呈显著正相关,与生化处理后微生物群落结构均呈显著负相关.(4)生化处理阶段微生物功能发生极显著(p≤0.01)变化.FAPROTAX数据库预测可知,化学异养、好氧化学异养、芳香化合物降解、亚硝酸盐呼吸、硝酸盐还原、硝酸盐呼吸、氮气呼吸7种与碳、氮循环相关的微生物功能丰度均较高.研究显示:系统沿程生物毒性虽呈下降趋势,但生化处理单元进水仍为急性毒性微毒、遗传毒性阳性;毒性表征推断炼油废水主要致毒物质可能为阳离子金属及非极性有机物,化工废水主要致毒物质可能为阳离子金属;生化处理单元中与碳、氮循环相关的微生物功能丰度较高,表明生化处理单元存在潜在毒性冲击风险.In order to investigate the relationship between the biotoxicity reduction effect of a typical refinery wastewater treatment system(hereafter referred to as system),the main types of toxic substances and the response of functional microorganisms,Vibrio fischeri and Salmonella typhimurium were used as test organisms to examine the acute toxicity and genotoxicity with the process of the system.We used the toxicity identification evaluation(TIE)to identify the main toxic substances in the system,and used the high-throughput sequencing to explore the relationship between the microbial functional structure and the main toxic substances.The results showed that:(1)The biological toxicity showed a decreasing trend with the process in the system.The influent water of the biochemical treatment unit showed mild acute toxicity and positive in genotoxicity.The total reduction rate of acute toxicity of oil refinery wastewater was 86.514%and the total reduction rate of genotoxicity was 96.221%.The total reduction rate of acute toxicity of chemical wastewater was 53.281% and the total reduction rate of genotoxicity was 62.273%.(2)The TIE results indicated that the main toxic substances in oil refinery wastewater might be cationic metals and non-polar organic substances,and the main toxic substances in chemical wastewater might be cationic metals.(3)Canonical correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of ammonia(r=0.819,p=0.001),Cr(r=0.777,p=0.002)and total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)(r=0.752,p=0.002)were positively correlated with the microbial community structure before the biochemical treatment and negatively correlated with the microbial community structure after the biochemical treatment.(4)Microbial functions changed significantly during the biochemical treatment(p≤0.01).The FAPROTAX database predicted a high abundance of microorganisms in the carbon and nitrogen cycling in seven classes:chemoheterotrophy,aerobic chemoheterotrophy,aromatic compound degradation,nitrite respiration,nitrate reduction,nitrate respira

关 键 词：炼化废水 急性毒性 遗传毒性 主要致毒物质 微生物功能丰度 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]