基于十集总反应动力学的重油下行床碱性催化裂解CFD模拟  

CFD Simulation of Alkaline Catalytic Cracking of Heavy oil in Downer Reactor based on 10-Lump Kinetic Model

作　　者：陈逸凡 钟汉斌[1] 唐瑞源 张君涛[1] CHEN Yifan;ZHONG Hanbin;TANG Ruiyuan;ZHANG Juntao(Xi’an Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Utilization for High-carbon Resources,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学化学化工学院,西安市高碳资源低碳化利用重点实验室,西安陕西710065

出　　处：《化工技术与开发》2023年第5期19-24,68,共7页Technology & Development of Chemical Industry

基　　金：2021年国家级研究生创新与实践能力培养计划项目(YCS21211026)。

摘　　要：重油下行床碱性催化裂解工艺能够有效抑制催化剂结焦,从而达到较高的重油转化率,获得高收率的轻质油品和低碳烯烃,实现劣质重油的分级高值化转化。为了给该新型工艺的设计优化以及工业放大提供参考,本文建立了能够预测各低碳烯烃产率的十集总重油碱性催化裂解反应动力学模型,基于四阶Runge-Kutta法和BFGS最优化算法求解,获得了各反应路径的指前因子及活化能,并与实验数据进行对比,以验证所建立的动力学模型的准确性。基于耦合十集总反应动力学模型和双流体模型,对200万t·a^(-1)下行床反应器内的碱性催化裂解过程进行流体力学数值模拟计算,考察了剂油比、反应温度、反应时间、回炼比等操作因素对产物分布的影响规律。Catalytic cracking of heavy oil in downer reactor with alkaline catalyst could effectively inhibit catalyst coking,so as to achieve a higher conversion rate of heavy oil,obtain high-yield light oil and low-carbon olefin,and realize the graded high-value conversion of inferior heavy oil.In order to provide reference for the design optimization and industrial scale-up of this new process,this paper established a 10-lump kinetic model of alkaline catalytic cracking reaction of heavy oil,which could predict the yield of each low-carbon olefin.The pre-exponential factor and activation energy of each reaction path were obtained based on the fourthorder Runge-Kutta method and BFGS optimization algorithm.The accuracy of the dynamic model was verified by comparing it with the experimental data.The Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulation of alkaline catalytic cracking process in a 2 million t/a downer reactor was carried out by coupling the 10-lump reaction kinetic model and the two-fluid model.The effects of operating factors such as catalyst/oil ratio,reaction temperature,reaction time and recycle ratio on the product distribution were investigated.

关 键 词：催化裂解 碱性催化剂 下行床 计算流体力学 集总动力学 

分 类 号：TE624.41[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]