新冠肺炎疫情冲击下日本中小企业政策及其启示  

Japanese SME Policies under the Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic and Their Relevance

作　　者：田正[1,2] 江飞涛 Tian Zheng;Jiang Feitao(Institute of Japanese Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing;Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院日本研究所 [2]中国社会科学院中日经济研究中心 [3]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2023年第2期165-176,共12页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“战后日本经济内外循环关系的历史、理论与政策研究”(项目编号:21BGJ057);中国社会科学院国家高端智库基础研究项目(项目编号:22ZKJC007)。

摘　　要：在新冠肺炎疫情冲击下,日本中小企业的经营业务受到严重影响,营业收入和营业利润下降明显,选择自主解散的中小企业明显增多。通过详细梳理日本政府的中小企业政策,文章认为,其包括经营维持、经营创新、业务继承与持续三个维度,借助短期纾困与长期激励相结合的方式,采用提供低息贷款、发放补助金等手段,着力恢复中小企业正常的经营活动,起到了降低破产数量、提升附加价值、强化经营业务韧性等作用。促进经济发展与就业、加快企业创新、强化经营业务可持续性等是日本中小企业政策的基本逻辑。上述经验做法可供中国参考。Under the impact of the the COVID-19 epidemic,the business situation of Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises have been seriously affected.The income and profit have dropped significantly,and the number of small and medium-sized enterprises that choose to dissolve their own business have increased obviously.After sorting out the Japanese government's SME policies,it is believed that there are three kinds of polices,including the operation maintenance policies,the operation innovation policies and the business succession and continuity policies.With the help of a combination of short-term financing and long-term incentives,and the provision of low-interest loans,grants of subsidies and other means,Japanese government focused on restoring the normal business activities of small and medium-sized enterprises,so as to reduce the number of bankruptcies,increase value added,and strengthen the resilience of business operations.Japanese SME policies have the basic logic of promoting economic development and employment,accelerating corporate innovation,and strengthening the sustainability of business operations.Their experience and practices can be used for reference in China.

关 键 词：日本 中小企业 企业经营 技术创新 业务继承 

分 类 号：F276.3[经济管理—企业管理]