抑郁症啮齿动物模型的建立及评价  

Establishment and evaluation of rodent models of depression

作　　者：吕金芝 向玉仙[2] 王丹[1,2,3] 李俊霞[2,3] 高耀 杜鑫哲[2,3] 李忻蓉 刘莎 LYU Jinzhi;XIANG Yuxian;WANG Dan;LI Junxia;GAO Yao;DU Xinzhe;LI Xinrong;LIU Sha(National Key Disciplines,Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education,Department of Neurobiology,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China;Department of Psychiatry,First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorders,Taiyuan 030001)

机构地区：[1]国家重点学科,细胞生理学教育部重点实验室,山西医科大学神经生物学教研室,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学第一医院/第一临床医学院精神卫生科,太原030001 [3]山西省人工智能辅助精神疾病诊疗重点实验室,太原030001

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2023年第5期93-103,共11页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82271546,81971601);山西省基础研究计划面上项目(202203021211018);山西省省筹资金资助回国留学人员科研项目(2022-190);山西省卫健委“四个一批”科技兴医创新计划医学科技青年英才(2021RC24)。

摘　　要：抑郁症是一种高复发率、高自杀率的常见精神障碍,严重危害人类身心健康。抑郁症动物模型可以模拟人类抑郁症的疾病表型,帮助人类研究疾病发病机制,开发新的抗抑郁药物。尽管既往研究已构建多种抑郁症啮齿动物模型,但现有的单一模型都不能很好地模拟疾病的全貌,复合模型的发展为更全面地解析抑郁症提供了手段以及更高的可靠性,但也存在实际操作复杂、一致性差等问题。因此,为了筛选更符合实验要求的动物模型,本综述回顾了截至2021年发表的抑郁症啮齿动物模型相关文章,对比了近5年各模型的使用频率,从抑郁症的病因学与病理生理学机制出发,全面汇总了其建模方法、可靠性评价、优缺点对比及现阶段应用情况等,系统地回顾了目前常用的抑郁症啮齿动物模型(包括应激模型、药理学模型、遗传模型、手术损伤模型、复合模型及其他模型)。此外,同时展望了未来抑郁症啮齿动物模型的建立和使用时所面临的挑战,旨在为研究人员提供更可行的抑郁症建模参考、优选方案和创新方向。Depression is a common mental disorder with a high recurrence and suicide rate and is a serious threat to human physical and mental health.Animal models of depression mimic the disease phenotype of human depression,helping humans to study the pathogenesis of the disease and develop new antidepressant drugs.Although several rodent models of depression have been established,none of the existing single models simulate the whole disease well.The development of compound models allows researchers to more comprehensively analyze depression with higher reliability,but there are also problems such as complicated practical operations and poor consistency.Therefore,to select animal models that better meet experimental requirements,we reviewed articles related to rodent models of depression published up to 2021,compared the frequency of use of each model in the previous 5 years,and comprehensively summarized their modeling method,reliability evaluation,advantages and disadvantages,and current applications from the etiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of depression.We also systematically reviewed the current commonly used rodent models of depression.Additionally,the current rodent models of depression,including stress,pharmacological,genetic,surgical injury,composite,and other models,were systematically reviewed.Challenges in the establishment and use of future rodent models of depression are also presented to provide researchers with more feasible references,preferred options,and innovative directions to model depression.

关 键 词：抑郁症 动物模型 模型建立 模型评价 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]