基于涌水影响半径的隧道涌水量预测方法研究  

Research on prediction method of tunnel water gushing based on radius of influence

作　　者：张修杰 周学民 韦未[1] 张伟锋[1] ZHANG Xiujie;ZHOU Xuemin;WEI wei;ZHANG Weifeng(School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Communication Planning&Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510507,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学水利与土木工程学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东省交通规划设计研究院集团股份有限公司,广东广州510507

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第5期163-168,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：广东省级大学生创新项目(S202110564060);交通运输部规程编制项目“公路越岭隧道水文地质勘察规程”;广东省交通规划设计研究院集团股份有限公司科技创新项目(粤交院[2021]研发YF-014,YF-015)。

摘　　要：受断裂构造和降水等因素的共同影响,火成岩地区形成了一定规模的富水断层破碎段。当隧道穿越这类岩层时,极易发生涌水灾害而造成人员伤亡和设备损失。针对上述涌水问题,根据火成岩区富水断层破碎段的特点,将隧道涌水量分为基岩裂隙水释放量和降水入渗量两个主要组成部分,通过地下水疏干法预测基岩裂隙水释放量,同时利用降水入渗法预测降水入渗量。在此基础上,为提高涌水预测精度,引入了实测涌水量数据拟合的动态涌水影响半径参与计算,并推导出基于涌水影响半径的涌水量预测方法,最后以鸿图隧道后续开挖段为例对该方法进行验证。研究结果表明:①在一个降雨周期内,含水层平均厚度H n越大,对应的影响半径R n具有更高的增长速率;②随着涌水时间T增加,影响半径R n的增长率逐渐降低;③所提方法的隧道涌水量计算结果与实际监测数据的误差在10%以内,可靠性较高。研究成果可为类似地质条件下的地下工程建设提供理论指导。Under combined influences of fracture tectonics and precipitation,a certain scale water-rich faults have been formed in the igneous region.When tunnels pass through such regions,it is highly possible to cause water gushing and loss of life and equipment.For the above water gushing problems,according to the analysis of the water-rich fault fracture section characteristics in the igneous area,the tunnel water gushing was considered to be composed of two major components:those released from bedrock fractures and those from precipitation infiltration.The former was predicted by the groundwater desiccation method,while the latter was predicted by the precipitation infiltration method.On this basis,in order to gain a higher accuracy of the prediction results,the influence radius fitted by the measured data was involved in the calculation,and a method for water gushing prediction was deduced based on the influence radius.Finally,an example of Hongtu Tunnel was illustrated for verification.The results showed that:①within a rainfall cycle,the larger average thickness of the aquifer(H n)there was,the higher growth rate of the corresponding influence radius(R n)would be.②With the increase of the time T,the growth rate of the radius of influence R n was gradually reduced.③The error of the calculation results of the proposed method and the actual monitoring data was within 10%,and the accuracy was high.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the construction of underground projects under similar geological conditions.

关 键 词：深埋特长隧道 涌水量预测 涌水动态影响半径 断裂构造 

分 类 号：U452.11[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]