施用不同磷肥对白菜和莴笋生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Phosphorus Fertilizers on Growth and Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Lettuce

作　　者：陈卓 马超 李晓慧 班甜甜 CHEN Zhuo;MA Chao;LI Xiaohui;BAN Tiantian(Institute of Horticulture,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guizhou Province Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center,Guiyang Guizhou 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院园艺研究所/贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第9期49-52,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省蔬菜产业技术体系(GZCYTX2020-01);贵州省科技厅科技重大专项“贵州高海拔500亩以上坝区‘三白’蔬菜机械化栽培技术集成示范”(黔科合重大专项字〔2019〕3014-1);黔农科院国基后补助项目“黄瓜对不同形态氮素的吸收分配研究”(黔农科院国基后补助〔2021〕22号)。

摘　　要：为探究聚磷酸铵(APP)和磷酸一铵(晶体一铵)水溶肥在蔬菜种植中的应用效果,本试验以白菜和莴笋为试材,采用盆栽方式滴灌聚磷酸铵和磷酸一铵,以清水为对照,研究2种磷肥对蔬菜生长与营养品质的影响。结果表明:施用聚磷酸铵和磷酸一铵均能提高白菜和莴笋的叶片长、叶片宽、叶片重、叶柄重和单株鲜重,以磷酸一铵促进生长的效果更好;在营养品质方面,施用聚磷酸铵和磷酸一铵均能明显促进莴笋中维生素C的积累、生长后期白菜和莴笋中叶绿素的积累,略微增加白菜和莴笋中可溶性糖含量,纤维素含量无明显增加。可见,适当施用聚磷酸铵和磷酸一铵能够有效促进白菜和莴笋的生长,有效促进部分营养元素的积累,以磷酸一铵效果更好。In order to explore the application effects of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and monoammonium phosphate(MAP)water-soluble fertilizers in vegetable cultivation,this experiment used Chinese cabbage and lettuce as materials,and water as control,to study the effects of two phosphorus fertilizers on the growth and nutritional quality of vegetables by using pot cultivation method to drip irrigate ammonium polyphosphate and monoammonium phosphate.The results showed that both ammonium polyphosphate and monoammonium phosphate could increase the leaf length,leaf width,leaf weight,petiole weight and fresh weight per plant of Chinese cabbage and lettuce,and monoammonium phosphate had a better effect on promoting growth.In terms of nutritional quality,application of ammonium polyphosphate and monoammonium phosphate could significantly promote the accumulation of vitamin C in lettuce,as well as the accumulation of chlorophyll in Chinese cabbage and lettuce at the late growth stage,slightly increase the content of soluble sugar in Chinese cabbage and lettuce,while there was no significant increase in cellulose content.Therefore,appropriate application of ammonium polyphosphate and monoammonium phosphate could effectively promote the growth of Chinese cabbage and lettuce,effectively promote the accumulation of some nutrients,among them,monoammonium phosphate had a better effect.

关 键 词：聚磷酸铵 磷酸一铵 白菜 莴笋 生长 营养品质 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]