诉前羁押实证研究报告——基于两个基层检察院2017~2021年起诉书和不起诉决定书的统计分析  

The Research Report on Pre-Indictment Detentions:A Statistical Analysis Based on Indictments and Non-Prosecution Decisions of Two Primary Procuratorates During 2017~2021

作　　者：孙长永 SUN Changyong(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200030

出　　处：《现代法学》2023年第3期49-73,共25页Modern Law Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“认罪认罚从宽制度实施问题研究”(19AFX009)。

摘　　要：诉前羁押在我国刑事诉讼中具有极其重要的意义。基于我国东、西部地区两个基层检察院2017~2021年起诉书和不起诉决定书的统计分析发现,羁押类强制措施的适用率整体上呈现下降趋势,尤其逮捕适用率呈现稳定、持续下降态势。诉前羁押措施的适用,无论是刑事拘留、捕后侦查羁押还是审查起诉阶段的羁押,均存在巨大的地区差异,并且总体上存在羁押率高、羁押期限过长、在押犯罪嫌疑人律师辩护率过低、违法羁押具有一定的普遍性四大问题。在现行制度下,检察机关应当积极协调其他政法机关,继续贯彻少捕慎诉慎押刑事司法政策,在适用刑事拘留、逮捕措施过程中严格遵守法治原则、比例原则和权利保障原则,力争把诉前羁押率降到合理的最低限度,把诉前羁押期限压缩至最短。It is of great significance to be detained in this country’s criminal proceedings.Based on the statistics of the indictments and non-prosecution decisions from two primary procuratorates in the eastern and the western China respectively during 2107~2021,the application rates of pre-indictment detentions showed a downward trend as a whole,especially detentions approved by the prosecution.However,the application of pre-indictment detentions,whether it is police detention,investigative detention approved by the prosecution,or the detention continued during the review of prosecution process,demonstrates huge regional differences.Besides that,There are four major problems overall,namely,the high rate of detention,too long detention period,low rate of defense lawyer’s participation and certain universality of illegal detentions.Under the current system,the procuratorial organs should actively coordinate the police departments and courts to implement the criminal justice policy of“less arrest,more prudent prosecution,more cautious detention”,strictly abide by the principles of the rule of law,proportionality,and rights protection in the process of applying police detention and the detention approved by the prosecution,and strive to confine the pre-indictment detention rate to a reasonable minimum,reduce the pre-indictment detention period to the shortest.

关 键 词：诉前羁押 侦查拘留 捕后侦查羁押 审查起诉 

分 类 号：DF73[政治法律—诉讼法学]