高剂量白酒糟对山羊瘤胃发酵、菌群结构及炎性基因的影响  

Effects of high-dose distiller's grains on goat rumen fermentation,microflora structure and inflammatory genes

作　　者：张余蓬 郭灵君 罗怡茜 张芝金 李亚均 朱瑞 张德志[1,2] 李前勇 ZHANG Yupeng;GUO Lingjun;LUO Yiqian;ZHANG Zhijin;LI Yajun;ZHU Rui;ZHANG Dezhi;LI Qianyong(College of Veterinary Medicine,Southwest University,Rongchang,Chongqing 402460,China;Chongqing Veterinary Science and Engineering Research Center,Rongchang,Chongqing 402460,China;Chongqing Beef Cattle Engineering and Technology Research Center,Rongchang,Chongqing 402460,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物医学院,重庆荣昌402460 [2]重庆市兽医科学工程研究中心,重庆荣昌402460 [3]重庆市肉牛工程技术研究中心,重庆荣昌402460

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2023年第4期748-756,共9页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上资助项目(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0411);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0501705);重庆市高等教育改革研究资助项目(193034)。

摘　　要：旨在研究饲喂高剂量(65%,75%)白酒糟对3月龄山羊瘤胃发酵、菌群结构及炎性基因的影响,试验选择15只日龄、体质量相近的健康本地山羊,随机分为对照组、65%白酒糟组和75%白酒糟组,5只/组。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加65%,75%的白酒糟日粮,正试期90d。采用气质联用法、ELISA法依次检测参试山羊瘤胃液VFA、组胺和LPS浓度,用Illumina Miseq PE300高通量测序平台进行瘤胃液16SrDNA测序,qRT-PCR法测定瘤胃组织中p65、COX2、VCAM1的表达量。结果表明:1)65%和75%白酒糟组山羊瘤胃液pH和总VFA显著低于对照组(P<0.05),75%白酒糟组山羊瘤胃液乙酸、丁酸及乙酸/丙酸比值显著低于对照组(P<0.05),75%白酒糟组山羊瘤胃液组胺和LPS浓度显著上升(P<0.01)。2)65%和75%白酒糟组山羊瘤胃微生物中的优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota),且占总门类的90%以上,丰度最高的科、属为普雷沃菌,且普雷沃菌丰度会随着白酒糟饲喂量的增多呈上升趋势。3)65%和75%白酒糟组山羊瘤胃组织炎性基因p65、COX2、VCAM1mRNA相对表达量极显著升高(P<0.01)。饲喂65%和75%白酒糟会降低山羊瘤胃的发酵功能,一定程度上使瘤胃菌群的多样性和丰度降低;瘤胃液LPS和组胺浓度升高,可通过NF-κB信号通路中的p65、COX22个途径引起瘤胃上皮的炎症。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding high dose(65%,75%)white distiller's grains on rumen fermentation,bacterial community structure and inflammatory genes of 3-month-old goats.Fifteen healthy local goats with similar body mass and age were randomly divided into control group,65%distiller's grains group and 75%distiller's grains group,with 5goats per group.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed 65%and 75%white distiller's grains diet,respectively.The trial lasted for 90days.The concentrations of VFA,HIS and LPS in rumen fluid of goats were detected by GC and ELISA,16SrDNA was sequenced by Illumina Miseq PE300high-throughput sequencing platform,and the expression levels of p65,COX2and VCAM1in rumen tissues were determined by qRT-PCR.The results showed that:1)rumen fluid pH and total volatile fatty acids in 65%and 75%distiller's grains groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05),rumen fluid acetic acid and butyric acid contents and acetic acid/propionic acid ratio in 75%distiller's grains group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The concentrations of HIS and LPS in rumen fluid of goats in 75%white distiller's grains group were significantly increased(P<0.01).2)Firmicutes and Bacteroidota accounted for more than 90%of the total bacteria in 65%and 75%distiller's grains groups,and Prevotella was the most abundant family and genus.The abundance of Prevotellaincreased with the increase of distiller's grains.3)The mRNA relative expressions of inflammatory genes p65,COX2and VCAM1in rumen tissues of 65%and 75%distiller's grains groups were significantly increased(P<0.01).Supplementation of 65%and 75%white distiller's grains can reduce the rumen fermentation function,and reduce the diversity and abundance of rumen flora to a certain extent.Increased concentrations of LPS and HIS in rumen fluid can cause inflammation of rumen epithelium through p65and COX2pathways in NF-κB signaling pathway.

关 键 词：白酒糟 山羊 瘤胃发酵 微生物菌群 炎性反应 

分 类 号：S856.4[农业科学—临床兽医学]