医疗空间组成要素卡通装饰对儿童就医焦虑的影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Cartoon Decoration of Medical Space Elements on Children's Medical Anxiety

作　　者：卢纯福 蔡清莉 吴剑锋 楼俊辰 杨红春 LU Chun-fu;CAI Qing-li;WU Jian-feng;LOU Jun-chen;YANG Hong-chun(Zhejiang University of Technology Industrial Design and Research Institute,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学工业设计研究院,杭州310023

出　　处：《人类工效学》2023年第1期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(21NDJC038YB)。

摘　　要：目的针对儿童在医疗空间中出现就医焦虑的问题,探究医疗空间各组成要素卡通化装饰对缓解儿童就医焦虑的影响效果。方法以医护着装、就诊环境、医疗设备和导视装置为例,制作添加卡通装饰与未添加卡通装饰的对照图片;招募18名儿童,利用眼动追踪技术,采集其对不同组照片不同兴趣区的视觉数据和主观焦虑情况。结果医护人员着装、就诊环境背景和导视牌在增加卡通装饰后,均显著改变了儿童的视觉行为,并显著降低了儿童焦虑感;医疗设备主体增加卡通装饰后虽然显著增加了儿童的注视时长和注视次数,但未显著改变儿童焦虑感。结论医疗空间卡通化装饰,可以有效吸引儿童的注意,通过视觉转移而分散对医疗环境惧怕的感知,改善其就医焦虑情况。研究也对儿童医疗空间的设计优化和儿童焦虑感缓解提供了数据支持和可行建议。Objective Based on the problem of children's anxiety in the medical space,this paper explores the effect of cartoon decoration of components of the medical space on relieving children's anxiety in seeking medical treatment..Methods Taking medical attire,hospital environment,medical equipment and guide devices as examples,pictures with and without cartoon decoration were made;Eighteen children were recruited,and their visual data and subjective anxiety on different groups of photos and different areas of interest were collected by eye tracking technology.Results The addition of cartoon decorations to medical staff's clothing,medical environment and guide signs significantly changed children's visual behavior and significantly reduced their anxiety;although the addition of cartoon decorations to medical equipment significantly increased children's gaze duration and gaze frequency,children's anxiety was not changed significantly.Conclusion The cartoon decoration of medical space can effectively attract children's attention,distract them from the fear in the medical environment through visual transference,and reduce their anxiety in medical treatment.The research also provides data and feasible suggestions for the design optimization of children's medical space and the relief of their anxiety.

关 键 词：工业设计 界面 人机交互 视觉搜索 就医焦虑 医疗空间 组成要素 儿童行为 眼动追踪 卡通装饰 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学] TU246.1[医药卫生—医学心理学]