药用植物组织培养技术在中药资源可持续发展中的应用研究  

Application of tissue culture technology of medicinal plants in sustainable development of Chinese medicinal resources

作　　者：张成才 王升[1,2] 王月枫 王红阳 覃明 代晓雨 闫滨滨 郭秀芝 周利 林怀斌[1] 郭兰萍 ZHANG Cheng-cai;WANG Sheng;WANG Yue-feng;WANG Hong-yang;QIN Ming;DAI Xiao-yu;YAN Bin-bin;GUO Xiu-zhi;ZHOU Li;LIN Huai-bin;GUO Lan-ping(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Dexing Research and Training Center of Chinese Medical Sciences,Dexing 334213,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [2]德兴市中医研究院试验培训基地,江西德兴334213

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第5期1186-1193,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A03905,CI2021B013);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：中药资源是我国中医药产业可持续发展的基石,由于自身繁殖特性、采挖过度和人工栽培局限性等原因,导致许多药用植物资源匮乏,甚至濒临灭绝。组织培养是对中药材传统繁殖方法的突破,且不受时空限制,可周年化生产,在中药资源保护方面发挥了重要作用。该文综述了近年来药用植物组织培养在中药资源领域的相关应用,包括药用植物种苗快速繁殖,高产优质新品种选育,遗传转化体系构建,次生代谢产物生产等,并提出了该领域存在的问题和发展方向。Chinese medicinal resources are the cornerstone of the sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine industry.However,due to the fecundity of species,over-exploitation,and limitations of artificial cultivation,some medicinal plants are depleted and even endangered.Tissue culture,a breakthrough technology in the breeding of traditional Chinese medicinal materials,is not limited by time and space,and can allow the production on an annual basis,which plays an important role in the protection of Chinese medicinal resources.The present study reviewed the applications of tissue culture of medicinal plants in the field of Chinese medicinal resources,including rapid propagation of medicinal plant seedlings,breeding of novel high-yield and high-quality cultivars,construction of a genetic transformation system,and production of secondary metabolites.Meanwhile,the current challenges and suggestions for the future development of this field were also proposed.

关 键 词：植物组织培养 中药资源 愈伤组织 毛状根 人工种子 育种 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]