宋金元时期理学对中医学的影响  

The influence of Neo-Confucianism on traditional Chinese medicine in the Song,Jin,and Yuan Dynasties

作　　者：李艳杰[1] 刘宏岩[1] LI Yanjie;LIU Hongyan(School of Basic Medicine,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China)

机构地区：[1]长春中医药大学基础医学院,长春130117

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2023年第4期484-490,共7页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目(No.20170101007JC)。

摘　　要：宋金元时期理学为当时主要的哲学流派,并深刻影响了当时中医学的发展。理学对中医学的影响作用起始于医家,进而通过医家扩展至具体的中医学理论,这种影响途径促使宋金元时期中医学产生了深刻而全面的改变;在具体的思想理论层面,理学对中医学的影响主要表现于二者在理论上的融合、理学天人观念对中医学“五运六气”学说发展的促进、格物致知认识方法对医家研习医理的改变等方面;在肯定理学对中医学发展产生促进的同时,必须清楚地认识到,在不同历史条件下理学亦对中医学发展起到阻滞作用,随着中医学的“理学化”日益加剧,理学对中医学的阻滞作用依旧是沿着“医家-医学理论”的作用路径逐渐产生影响。深刻认识理学对中医学影响的具体表现及负面影响,对客观认识中医学理论的形成、继承与发展中医药事业有一定的启示作用。In the Song,Jin,and Yuan Dynasties,Neo-Confucianism was the main philosophical school of the time and profoundly affected the development of medicine.The influence of Neo-Confucianism on medicine began with the physicians,and then expanded to specific medical theories.This influence led to profound and comprehensive changes in medicine in the Song,Jin,and Yuan Dynasties.At the ideological and theoretical level,the influence of Neo-Confucianism on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is mainly manifested in(i)the theoretical integration of the two;(ii)the effects of the concept of heaven and man in Neo-Confucianism on the development of the theory of"five movements and six qi"in medicine;and(iii)the effects of the cognitive method of seeking knowledge from nature on the study of medical theory by physicians.While affirming the positive effects of Neo-Confucianism on the development of medicine,it must be clearly recognized that under different historical conditions,Neo-Confucianism also had an inhibitory effect on the development of medicine.With the increasing influence of"Neo-Confucianism",the inhibitory effect of Neo-Confucianism on medicine began with the physicians,and then expanded to specific medical theories.A profound understanding of the specific manifestations and negative effects of Neo-Confucianism on TCM can provide inspiration for an objective understanding of the formation of TCM theory,as well as for the inheritance and development of modern TCM.

关 键 词：理学 格物致知 宋金元时期 金元医家 

分 类 号：R226[医药卫生—中医基础理论]