海拉尔盆地西部坳陷带侏罗系火山机构识别及发育特征  

Identification and Developmental Characteristics of the Jurassic Volcanic Edifice in the Western Depression,Hailar Basin

作　　者：赵德锋 史冠中 侯艳平[2] 沈传波[1] 吴路路 曾小伟 孙荣耀 郑晨宇 彭宇虓 陈鹏 Zhao Defeng;Shi Guanzhong;Hou Yanping;Shen Chuanbo;Wu Lulu;Zeng Xiaowei;Sun Rongyao;Zheng Chenyu;Peng Yuxiao;Chen Peng(Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd.,Daqing 163712,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712

出　　处：《地球科学》2023年第4期1517-1531,共15页Earth Science

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(No.2021CFA031).

摘　　要：火山岩型油气藏是当前油气勘探新领域,勘探实践表明海拉尔盆地侏罗纪火山-沉积地层具有良好的油气勘探前景.海拉尔盆地西部坳陷带分布在德尔布干断裂和额尔古纳断裂之间,断裂构造对火山喷发和盆地填充过程有重要的控制作用,然而断裂构造和火山岩相之间的耦合关系尚不明确,制约了该区火山岩型油气藏勘探部署.针对这一问题,利用钻井岩心、测录井和地震资料,运用井-震对比、多属性联合等方法,分析了西部坳陷带各类火山-沉积岩的测井特征和地震反射特征,识别火山机构并进行岩相古地理重建.研究表明,德尔布干和额尔古纳断裂带影响了中-晚侏罗世火山岩的横向展布,火山机构主要分布在凹陷缓坡带,在平面上沿NE向次级断裂呈串珠状、条带状分布,呈多中心复合式爆发样式.凹陷内平行断层组合、反向调节断层组合、断裂转折带、雁列式断层组合4种断裂组合对火山机构类型和发育有明显控制作用.沉积岩主要发育在火山与断裂围限的可容纳空间内,断裂与火山古地貌共同控制了凹陷内沉积砂体的展布.Volcanic reservoir of the Upper Jurassic is a new exploration domain in the Hailaer basin.Recent exploration proves that the Upper Jurassic volcano-sedimentary rocks in Hailar basin have good prospects of oil and gas.The Western depression of the Hailar basin lies between the Derbugan and Erguna faults.The fault-related structures play an important role in the volcanic eruption and basin filling process.However,the detailed coupling relationships between fault-related structures and volcanic facies are unclear that affects the further exploration of volcanic reservoirs.This study uses well-seismic correlation,multi-attribute combination to analyze the drilling core,logging data and 2D/3D seismic data and summarizes the typical characteristics of logging and seismic reflection for the contrasting volcanic and sedimentary rocks.This study identifies volcanic edifice and lithofacies distribution in the Upper Jurassic of the western depression and reconstructs the volcanic paleogeography.The analyzed results indicate that the Derbugan and Erguna faults limited the eruption region of the Late Jurassic volcanos.Volcanic edifices predominantly occur in the outer zone of the western depression distributing along the NE-trending secondary faults in styles of beaded-and banded-shapes.The volcanic edifices show multi-center eruption patterns as the typical features of composite volcanos.The recognized parallel-fault assemblage,antithetical-fault assemblage,fault-transition zone and echelon-fault assemblage jointly control the volcanic structures and spatial distribution.Sedimentary rocks are mainly accommodated between volcanic edifices and faults,and the fault-related structures and volcanic paleogeomorphology jointly impact the distribution of sedimentary rocks.

关 键 词：油气藏 火山机构 地震识别 侏罗系 海拉尔盆地 构造地质学 

分 类 号：P545[天文地球—构造地质学]