滑阀阀芯凹角结构CFD仿真分析与优化设计  

CFD Simulation Analysis and Optimization Design of Concave Angle Structure of Spool Valve

作　　者：张敬芳[1] 张宇航 余聪 杨明昆 张勇[1] 艾超[2] ZHANG Jing-fang;ZHANG Yu-hang;YU Cong;YANG Ming-kun;ZHANG Yong;AI Chao(Hebei Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Technology,Xingtai,Heibei 054000;School of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004)

机构地区：[1]河北机电职业技术学院,河北邢台054000 [2]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《液压与气动》2023年第5期59-67,共9页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点项目(ZD2021340);河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点项目(ZD2020166)。

摘　　要：液压滑阀作为基础的液压放大元件之一,广泛应用于液压伺服系统。液压滑阀通过节流原理实现对流量或压力的控制,同时阀口节流作用会导致能量损失和剧烈漩涡,影响液压系统的工作性能。以液压滑阀阀芯为研究对象,采用有限元分析软件Fluent研究阀芯凹角结构对滑阀内部流场流动特性和能量损失特性的影响,其次基于粒子群算法对阀芯凹角结构参数进行智能寻优。研究结果表明:“斜边+弧边”形结构阀芯可以有效平缓流场,抑制阀口处漩涡的发生,当阀芯凹角斜线角度为57.4°,圆弧半径为1.14 mm,阀口处最大湍流动能较常规滑阀降低25%。研究成果将为液压阀阀芯结构的设计和优化提供思路。As one of the basic hydraulic magnifying components,hydraulic spool valve is widely used in hydraulic servo system.The hydraulic spool valve controls the flow or pressure through the throttling principle.At the same time,the throttling effect of the valve port will lead to energy loss and severe whirlpool,which will affect the performance of the hydraulic system.Taking the hydraulic spool valve spool as the research object,the influence of the spool concave angle structure on the internal flow characteristics and the energy loss characteristics of the spool valve is studied by using the finite element analysis software Fluent.Secondly,the structure parameters of the spool concave angle are intelligently optimized based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm.The research results show that the“diagonal+arc”structure of the valve spool can smooth the flow field and restrain the occurrence of eddies at the valve port,and the maximum turbulent kinetic energy at the valve orifice is reduced by 25%compared with the conventional slide valve when the angle of the spool concave angle is 57.4°and the radius of the arc is 1.14 mm.The research results will provide ideas for the design and optimization of hydraulic valve spool structure.

关 键 词：液压滑阀 湍流动能 阀芯凹角 粒子群算法 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]