不同品系及生长时间金线莲活性成分及挥发性物质比较分析  

Active Ingredients and Volatiles in Anoectochilus roxburghii Strains at Various Growth Stages

作　　者：何辉 柳洪入 乔勇进[1,2] 张怡 王春芳 陈冰洁 刘晨霞 王晓[1,2] 邬松恒 HE Hui;LIU Hongru;QIAO Yongjin;ZHANG Yi;WANG Chunfang;CHEN Bingjie;LIU Chenxia;WANG Xiao;WU Songheng(Research Center of Agricultural Products Preservation and Processing,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201406,China;Agri-food Storage and Processing Research Center,Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院农产品保鲜加工研究中心,上海201406 [2]上海农产品保鲜加工工程技术研究中心,上海201403

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第3期271-280,共10页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市农业农村委员会项目(2020-02-08-00-15-F01455);上海市科学技术委员会项目(21DZ2292200、19DZ225160)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较2个不同品系及不同生长时间金线莲主要活性成分和挥发性物质含量变化,为金线莲鉴别、筛选及评价提供理论依据。【方法】以福建小叶栽培品系土豪金以及大叶栽培品系大元宝为材料,分析评价不同生长时间金线莲中的挥发性物质并测定主要活性成分。【结果】总酚含量以种植18个月大元宝最高(265.07mg·kg^(-1)),总黄酮和可溶性糖均以种植12个月土豪金最高(32.68 mg·g^(-1)、27.71 mg·kg^(-1)),可溶性蛋白则以种植18个月的土豪金最高(600.62 mg·g^(-1))。通过SPME-GC-MS共检测到6种醇、8种醛、4种酮及2-戊基呋喃,其总量以种植24个月的大元宝最高,而组织培养6个月的土豪金和大元宝挥发性物质含量为栽培苗峰值的22.9%与16.7%。此外,通过气味活性值(Odor activity value,OAV)和主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)发现,(反)-2-己烯醛、辛醛、壬醛是土豪金关键挥发性物质,1-辛烯-3-醇、芳樟醇和β-紫罗兰酮是大元宝关键挥发性物质。PCA和偏最小二乘法判别分析(Partial least squares discriminant analysis,PLS-DA)表明,通过挥发性物质可以较好地区分不同品系及生长时间金线莲。【结论】不同品系及不同生长时间金线莲活性成分和挥发性物质差异显著,利用其活性成分和挥发性物质可区分不同品系及不同生长时间金线莲,这为建立适宜的质量控制体系鉴别金线莲以及筛选优质加工品种提供了依据。【Objective】Contents of active ingredients and volatiles in Anoectochilus roxburghii of different strains at different growth stages were determined.【Method】SPME-GC-MS analysis was conducted to determine the chemical compositions in Fujian small-leaf Tuhaojin and large-leaf Dayuanbao A.roxburghii.【Result】The highest total polyphenols of 265.07 mg·kg^(-1) was found in Dayuanbao 18 months after planting,so were the total flavonoids of 32.68 mg·g^(-1) and soluble sugars of 27.71 mg·kg^(-1) in 12-month-old and soluble protein of 600.62 mg·g^(-1) in 18-month-old Dayunbao plants.There were 6 alcohols,8 aldehydes,and 4 ketones and 2-pentyl-furan identified with the greatest total amount in Dayunabao grown for 24 months.The volatile content of the 6-month-old tissue culture in Tuhaojin was merely 22.9%of the peak value in the respective cultivated seedlings,and in Dayuanbao,16.7%.The odor activity value(OAV)and principal component analysis(PCA)concluded that(E)-2-hexenal,octanal,and nonanal were the major aromatic compounds in Tuhaojin,while 1-octen-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol,andβ-ionone in Dayuanbao.The PCA and PLS-DA indicated that these volatiles could adequately distinguish A.roxburghii of different strains harvested at different times.【Conclusion】Active ingredients and volatiles in A.roxburghii significantly varied by the strains and growth stages.It was plausible that a chemical analysis could suffice for quality control and authentication purpose on the products in commerce.

关 键 词：金线莲 生长时间 活性成分 挥发性物质 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培] R282.4[农业科学—作物学]