麦类作物粒色形成机制及基因定位研究进展  

Progress on the Mechanism of Grain Colour Formation and Gene Localization in Wheat Crops

作　　者：王燕[1,2,3] 姚晓华 安立昆[1,2,3] 姚有华 白羿雄 吴昆仑 WANG Yan;YAO Xiao-hua;AN Li-kun(Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016;Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Xining,Qinghai 810016;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Barley Genetic Breeding/National Wheat Improvement Center Qinghai Barley Branch,Xining,Qinghai 810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [3]青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室/国家麦类改良中心青海青稞分中心,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第9期1-6,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960427);国家大麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-05);国家重点研发项目(2020YFD1001403)。

摘　　要：有色麦类作物的形成是由于籽粒的种皮或糊粉层中积累了花青素,从而导致其籽粒呈现出多种颜色。有色麦类作物中含有丰富的蛋白质、维生素、膳食纤维及矿物微量元素等,兼具抗氧化、延缓衰老、调理肠胃等多方面保健功能。综述了国内外有关学者对于有色麦类作物的主要营养与功能组成成分、植物花青素的合成调控机制以及籽粒颜色基因定位3个方面的相关研究进展,探讨了目前有色麦类作物粒色基因定位过程中存在的问题,展望了有色麦类作物的发展趋势,以期为今后有色麦类作物籽粒颜色的调控机制研究提供理论依据,也为能够筛选有利基因,创制有色麦类新种质提供参考。Coloured wheat crops are formed due to the accumulation of anthocyanins in the seed coat or dextrin layer of the seeds,resulting in a variety of colours in the seeds.Coloured wheat crops are rich in protein,vitamins,dietary fibre and mineral trace elements,and have various health functions such as antioxidant,anti-ageing,and gastrointestinal care.This paper reviews the progress of research on the main nutritional and functional components of coloured wheat crops,the regulatory mechanism of phycocyanin synthesis and the gene localisation of grain colour,discusses the problems in the gene localisation of coloured wheat crops,and outlooks the development trend of coloured wheat crops.We hope to provide a theoretical basis for future research on the regulatory mechanisms of grain colour in coloured wheat crops,and to provide valuable reference information for the screening of favourable genes and the creation of new and superior coloured wheat germplasm.

关 键 词：麦类作物 籽粒颜色 花青素 基因定位 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]