基于威布尔分布的机械加速寿命试验优化与可靠性统计分析  

Optimization design and reliability statistical analysis of mechanical accelerated life test based on Weibull distribution

作　　者：游达章[1,2] 刘航 张业鹏 YOU Da-zhang;LIU Hang;ZHANG Ye-peng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;Hubei Key Lab of Manufacture Quality Engineering,Wuhan 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学机械工程学院,湖北武汉430068 [2]湖北省现代制造质量工程重点实验室,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第5期664-672,共9页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875180)。

摘　　要：机电产品加速寿命试验中存在试验效率不高,且试验数据有效性较低的问题,为此,对基于威布尔分布型机械产品恒定应力加速寿命试验进行了优化设计方面的研究。首先,假定威布尔分布型试验样品在各试验应力水平下失效机理保持不变,且其特征寿命与各试验应力水平之间符合广义对数线性方程,在此基础上建立了定时截尾恒定应力加速寿命试验可靠性统计模型;然后,在试验样本总量保持一定的情况下,以各应力水平下的试样分配比例及试验应力水平数为优化变量,同时根据D-最优设计理论,以“各试验应力下得到的Fisher信息矩阵最大,且机械产品中位寿命估计值的方差最小”为优化目标,对威布尔分布型机械产品定时截尾恒定应力加速寿命试验方案进行了优化设计;最后,以某型机械产品为例进行了仿真模拟试验与算例分析,以验证加速寿命试验优化方法的有效性与可行性。研究结果表明:所提出的定时截尾恒定应力加速寿命试验优化设计方法是可行和有效的。The accelerated life test of mechanical and electrical products has the problems of low test efficiency and low validity of test data,therefore,the optimization design of constant stress accelerated life test of mechanical products based on Weibull type life distribution was studied.Firstly,it was assumed that the failure mechanism of Weibull distribution test samples remained unchanged under all stress levels,and the relationship between the characteristic life of Weibull distribution test samples and all test stress levels conformed to the generalized log-linear equation.The reliability statistical model of time censored constant stress accelerated life test was established.Then,under the condition that the total amount of test samples was kept certain,the distribution proportion of samples under different stress levels and the number of test stress levels were taken as the optimization variables,and according to D-optimal design theory,the Fisher information matrix obtained under each test stress was maximized and the variance of product median life estimate was minimized as the optimization objective.An optimization method of time censored constant stress accelerated life test for Weibull distributed products was presented.Finally,a certain type of electrical connector was taken as an example to carry out simulation test and calculation example analysis,and verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the optimization method of accelerated life test.The results show that the optimization design method of time censored constant stress accelerated life test is feasible and effective.

关 键 词：加速寿命试验 优化设计 机械产品可靠性 Fisher信息矩阵 定时截尾恒定应力 可靠性统计模型 期望最大算法 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB114.3[理学—概率论与数理统计]