高中物理科学思维素养的文本分析与提升策略  

Text Analysis and Promotion Strategy of Scientific Thinking Competency in Senior High School Physics

作　　者：周婷 尹文佳 李兰 ZHOU Ting;YIN Wen-jia;LI Lan(College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang Hunan 421002,China;Editorial Department,China West Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院物理与电子工程学院,湖南衡阳421002 [2]西华师范大学学报编辑部,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期326-332,共7页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(湘教通[2022]323号,22C0397);四川省教育厅一般项目(CJF18052);衡阳师范学院2020年校级教改项目(JYKT202017)。

摘　　要：科学思维是物理学科核心素养的要素之一,同时也是物理教学的核心。将高中物理教材作为研究对象,从科学思维的四要素——模型建构、科学推理、科学论证及质疑创新入手,以小节为单位,对教材中科学思维的呈现情况进行统计分析,并探讨了目前高中物理教学的现状及普遍不足之处,最后结合各维度要素相关的教材内容和教学实例片段,对提升科学思维素养的方式进行探索,分别从“创设情境进行模型建构、开阔思维优化论证过程、启发思考增强推理意识、改进教法培养质疑创新能力”四个角度,提出了可行的策略以供参考。Scientific thinking is one of the physics core competencies and the core of physics teaching.Taking the senior high school physics textbook as the research object and the subsection as the unit,this paper makes statistical analysis on the present situation of scientific thinking in the textbook,and analyzes the current situation and general shortcomings of physics teaching in senior high school from the four elements of scientific thinking,including model construction,scientific reasoning,scientific argumentation and questioning innovation.Finally,this paper discusses the ways to improve scientific thinking competency in combination with the relevant textbook contents and teaching example segments of all dimensions,and puts forward feasible effective strategies for reference from four aspects,including creating the situation to construct the model,opening up the process of thinking optimization,inspiring thinking and enhancing reasoning consciousness,and improving teaching methods to cultivate the ability of questioning and innovation.

关 键 词：高中物理 学科核心素养 科学思维素养 模型建构 科学推理 科学论证 质疑创新 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学] G633.7[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]